Demand for energy transition minerals (TMs) is set to expand many-fold as global investors and nations embrace the ongoing global energy transition. The task of establishing sustainable and inclusive production methods for these supply chains is an urgent one for source countries – most of which are developing countries located in Latin America and the […]
By Julia Radomski and Rebecca Ray As the global economy shifts toward a greener future, the role of public development finance institutions (PDFIs) and export credit agencies (ECAs) in financing transition minerals (TMs) — which are vital for the green energy transition — is increasingly salient. Demand for TMs is set to expand many-fold as […]
By Hua Chai and Yan Wang In recent years, the traditional focus on public debt as the cornerstone of fiscal policy has come under scrutiny. Many countries anchor their fiscal policy on the level of public debt, either implicitly or explicitly through fiscal rules. However, the prolonged period of low interest rates in advanced economies […]
By Yan Wang and Zheng Zhai Over the past two decades, China has become the largest bilateral provider of development finance. At the 2024 Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), China reaffirmed its commitment to further opening its vast financial market to African nations, encouraging them to issue panda bonds. Alongside this, it pledged $51 billion […]
By Tianyi Wu African leaders face significant challenges in energy policy as they strive to implement low-carbon energy solutions while expanding electricity access to around 600 million people—43 percent of the total population of Africa. In this context, lending from Chinese policy banks has played a pivotal role in expanding energy capacity and facilitating sustainable […]
By Thang Ha On November 14, 2024, the Boston University Global Development Policy (GDP) Center hosted a webinar on the latest data and trends in China’s overseas energy finance, based on the new update to China Global Energy Finance (CGEF) Database. The webinar was moderated by Rebecca Ray, Senior Academic Researcher with the Global China Initiative […]
Emerging market and developed countries must meet their shared climate and development goals to avoid the catastrophic costs of inaction. Yet, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) estimates that 26 low-income countries are in debt distress or default, and new academic research estimates say this number will double if countries mobilize the level of investment needed […]
Chinese overseas lending has drawn attention for their support to developing countries in infrastructure development, as well as growing criticism for sovereign debt impacts. However, the institutions and instruments involved in overseas finance vary significantly and have undergone substantial changes over time. While financing has to date been dominated by policy banks, Export-Import Bank of […]
By Diego Morro From 2000-2023, China’s development finance institutions (DFIs), the China Development Bank (CDB) and the Export-Import Bank of China (CHEXIM), and other Chinese commercial lenders provided approximately $182.3 billion in development finance to Africa, an amount comparable to the $209.5 billion committed to Africa by the World Bank from 2000-2022. The Boston University […]
A new update to the China’s Global Energy Finance (CGEF) Database, managed by the Boston University Global Development Policy Center, estimates that from 2000-2023, China’s two development finance institutions (DFIs)—the China Development Bank (CDB) and the Export-Import Bank of China (CHEXIM)—provided 367 loans, totaling $209 billion to 118 public borrowers in 68 countries for energy […]