KfW, a German state-owned investment and development bank, was initially founded in 1948 to finance the reconstruction of war-torn Germany after World War II but has expanded significantly over the years. It has become the second largest commercial bank in Germany and plays a substantial role internationally. Its large scale and function as a German […]
How has China expanded into global energy markets? In addition to the rising volume of energy commodities the country sources from all over the world as the world’s largest consumer, evidence of China’s expanding energy footprint has been mounting on two fronts over the past 15 years. First, and contrary to the conventional wisdom, China […]
In just over a decade, Chinese policy banks have emerged as global leaders in development finance in general and in finance for energy projects in developing country governments in particular. China has founded or co-founded two new multilateral development banks (MDBs) and at least 13 regional and bilateral funds that will increase Chinese development finance […]
By Rachel Thrasher and Kevin Gallagher. May 2016. Read the paper
In 2013, the Chinese government announced its plans to establish the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and to pursue a massive regional infrastructure plan initially called either the “New Silk Road” or the “One Belt, One Road” (OBOR), and now officially termed the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). An extraordinary move by China, the BRI […]
Rachael D Garrett, Kimberly M Carlson, Ximena Rueda and Praveen Noojipady. Environmental Research Letters, April 2016. Read the paper
The European Union and the United States are negotiating a proposed trade liberalization treaty, the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). Supporters of the treaty suggest that it will bring big economic gains to both Europe and America. The projected benefits of TTIP are based almost entirely on removal of bureaucratic and regulatory obstacles to […]
By Yann le Polain de Warouxa, Rachael D. Garrett, Robert Heilmayr, and Eric F. Lambin PNAS, April 2016.
By Julie Klinger. Nikkei Asian review, April 9, 2016.
Chapter in the book Caminhos para uma Agricultura Familiar sob Bases Ecológicas: Produzindo com Baixa Emissão de Carbono By Judson Ferreira Valentim and Rachael Garrett (March 2016)