Drink spiking is still a problem at Boston bars and restaurants. Here’s how to recognize the symptoms and what to do if you think you or someone else was roofied. Photo by Susie Burleson via Unsplash

Campus Safety

Do You Think Your Drink Was Spiked? How to Recognize the Symptoms and Take the Right Steps

BU experts explain the process for reporting an incident and finding on-campus support

You’ve probably seen the headlines—drink spiking is an all-too-frequent occurrence in Boston.

Bostonians of all ages and genders have experienced incidents of suspected drink tampering, with nights out ending in blackouts and trips to the emergency room. The Boston Police Department received 116 reports of drink spiking in 2022, and 47 in the first six months of 2023. According to a list maintained by the Facebook group Booze in Boston, members have self-reported suspected roofying at dozens of Boston-area establishments, including bars, restaurants, and music venues from Back Bay to the Seaport.

Being roofied can be a frightening, isolating experience. For both victims and bystanders it can be difficult to distinguish the symptoms of drink spiking from general intoxication—and even harder to formulate a plan of action to help someone who might be a victim.

That’s why BU Today spoke to experts at Boston University about how to identify the symptoms of drink spiking, seek help for a suspected incident, report an incident to BUPD, find support on campus, and more.

Remember: never go out without a friend, and always look out for the people around you. If you suspect you or someone else might be the victim of drink spiking, seek help immediately. 

Have fun, and stay safe, Terriers.

What happens when your drink is spiked? 

Drink spiking is placing a drug—most often rohypnol or gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), but also others like ketamine or even sleep aids like Ambien—into someone’s drink with the intent of rendering them temporarily incapacitated. Everyone is vulnerable to the effects of drink spiking, no matter your size, age, gender, or alcohol tolerance.

Different drugs with different effects

Both rohypnol, a benzodiazepine, and Ambien, a sedative, function by “binding to a receptor in your brain called the GABA receptor, which plays a major role in inhibition in the central nervous system,” says Benjamin Scott, an assistant professor of psychological and brain sciences in the College of Arts & Sciences.

Not only do the drugs have powerful inhibitory effects, Scott says, but because alcohol also affects the GABA receptor, the combination is like a “double whammy” on your system that can produce a much higher level of intoxication than expected, as well as amnesia-like effects. 

Symptoms of rohypnol or sleep-aid dosing include sudden, extreme intoxication, drowsiness, memory loss, dizziness and lightheadedness, disorientation, blurred vision, nausea, and difficulty walking or standing.

So-called “party” drugs ketamine, a sedative, and GHB, a depressant, function a little differently from each other. Ketamine produces a dissociative, sedated state that can result in hallucinations, immobility, and amnesia. GHB also produces a sedated state that can be accompanied by drowsiness, dizziness, and confusion. Both are dangerous at high doses and when mixed with alcohol or other substances. 

Symptoms of ketamine or GHB sedation can include severe disorientation, sudden, extreme intoxication, hallucinations, immobility or loss of coordination, memory loss, impaired speech, tunnel vision, vomiting, and agitation or irritability. 

How to tell if a drink has been spiked

There are a few warning signs that a drink may have been tampered with: Look for excess fizziness in your drink, a change in taste or color, or a foggy or cloudy appearance. Sometimes, however, a spiked drink may present no signs at all. 

You can also purchase products, like test strips and stickers, that detect the presence of certain roofying drugs.

Prevention tips

In general, students should stay aware of their surroundings and drink responsibly when going out, says BU Police Department Detective lieutenant Kelley O’Connell.

“Don’t leave your drink, cover it if you do leave it, and only take drinks from the bartender or a trusted source,” O’Connell says. (Find more information and tips here). 

For additional peace of mind, you can always purchase reusable cup covers (like these Nightcap scrunchies) to take with you on nights out. Made of stretchy material, most cup covers come with premade straw holes and make it harder for someone to slip something into your drink.

What to do if your drink or a friend’s drink has been spiked

Drink-spiking drugs are dangerous by themselves and more hazardous when mixed with alcohol and/or other substances. If you believe you or someone you know has been exposed to a drink-spiking drug, seek immediate medical attention, says K. Sophia Dyer, a professor of emergency medicine at the Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine. Do not try to make yourself or others throw up, she adds. 

Call 911 or get to the closest hospital emergency room. The hospitals nearest to campus include Boston Medical Center on the Medical Campus, St. Elizabeth’s in Brighton, Brigham and Women’s in Longwood, and Beth Israel Deaconess in Longwood. Cambridge hospitals include Cambridge Health Alliance in Inman Square and Mount Auburn Hospital in West Cambridge. 

“Don’t hesitate to call BUPD at 617-353-2121 for assistance,” O’Connell says, noting that BUPD can connect students with emergency services. “Our concern is student safety; our Good Samaritan policy is always in play with those wishing to help other students in need.” 

Testing information

Toxicology screening can be complicated for a variety of reasons. Many roofying drugs metabolize in a matter of hours, making them nearly impossible to detect if enough time has passed. Some substances may not even show up on tox screens. And, depending on your health insurance, some insurers will cover toxicology screening only in specific instances, such as in the case of a suspected sexual assault. Testing can also be expensive, even with insurance. 

If you want to get tested after a suspected incident, it’s important that you do so as soon as possible. Don’t wait until the morning. All BU students can receive urine and blood drug testing at Student Health Services (SHS) through its on-site lab. 

To be tested at SHS, call 617-353-3575 and request a primary care consultation and blood and urine testing ASAP. All healthcare provider visits at SHS are free to students and testing is available at no cost for students with BU’s health insurance plan. Students with a different insurance plan may have co-pays. SHS primary care is generally open Monday through Saturday, depending on the time of year. Check the website for specific days and hours.

If an incident occurs in a timeframe incongruent with SHS open hours, head to the nearest emergency room for help. Be sure to state that you want toxicology testing for drink-spiking drugs. The Sexual Assault Response & Prevention Center (SARP) can also assist you with locating testing or examinations at local emergency rooms, and with paying associated costs under certain circumstances. Call SARP’s 24/7 crisis line at 617-353-7277 to speak to a counselor.

And remember, testing isn’t always definitive—just because a tox screen comes back negative does not prove your drink wasn’t spiked.

How to report a drink spiking

You can report both on-campus and off-campus drink spiking incidents to BUPD. On-campus incidents include parties in BU Housing. Off-campus incidents will be forwarded to the appropriate police department, O’Connell says. 

Call BUPD at 617-353-2121 for assistance, or visit the police station at 32 Harry Agganis Way. Note that students do not need a positive toxicology screen in order to report an incident. As always, BU’s Good Samaritan policy will apply to any student wishing to file a report.

Where to find support on campus 

It doesn’t matter if it was your drink, a friend’s drink, or a stranger’s drink—drink spiking is scary to experience both firsthand and secondhand, and fear and distrust can linger long after a traumatic incident has occurred. 

SARP can provide short-term and crisis counseling to any student impacted by drink spiking. To access SARP’s services, call the center at 617-353-7277 or book a nonurgent counseling session through PatientConnect. If you suspect you were the victim of a sexual assault after having your drink spiked, call SARP’s 24/7 crisis line at 617-353-7277 so a SARP crisis counselor can assist you.

Plus: SARP’s two-part bystander-intervention training for undergraduates, Step Up Step In BU, now includes information about instances of drink spiking. Learn more about the training program and how to request one for your student group here.

“I want to say to survivors that this is not your fault,” Ashley Slay, SARP assistant director of interpersonal violence prevention, shared in BU Today. 

Students should contact BUPD at 617-353-2121 if they suspect they are a victim of drink spiking and call 911 if they need immediate medical attention. Students can also contact SARP at 617-353-7277 for support. 

Drink spiking is an ongoing issue that is currently under review by Boston City Council, Boston Police, and BUPD. Students should expect more information and guidance in the coming months.