The Global Financial Safety Net (GFSN) is a set of institutions and mechanisms that provide insurance against crises and financing to mitigate their impacts. It has four main elements: countries’ own international reserves; bilateral swap arrangements whereby central banks exchange currencies to provide liquidity to banking systems; regional financial arrangements (RFAs) by which countries pool […]
Ahead of the 80th anniversary of the Bretton Woods Conference, the following institutions have prepared this statement: Institute for Economic Justice (South Africa), Centre for Social and Economic Progress (India), Centre for Sustainable Finance at SOAS, University of London (UK), BRICS Policy Center (Brazil), Boston University Global Development Policy Center (USA) and Heinrich Böll Foundation (Germany). […]
Gender equality is a crucial component of successful development, yet austerity puts a disproportionate burden on women, increasing their economic vulnerability and affecting societal outcomes. Conversely, economic growth that leads to increased female labor force participation without compensatory investments in social care provisioning and better distribution of caregiving responsibilities will ultimately compromise investment and growth. […]
Dollar borrowing outside the United States has over generations grown to be very large, with US policy providing some inducement and, in critical episodes, support. In a new paper published by the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta’s Policy Hub, Robert N. McCauley highlights three instances where the US Federal Reserve (Fed) has backstopped markets as […]
By Rebecca Ray and Jörg Haas Without a stepwise injection of capital into developing countries, meaningful progress on addressing climate change and meeting the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Agreement targets will remain out of reach. The Group of 20 (G20) Independent Experts Group estimates that emerging market and developing […]
Overlapping global shocks faced by African countries have caused severe liquidity challenges in recent years. Many countries are currently experiencing low real gross domestic product (GDP) growth, higher inflation, exchange rate instability, balance of payments crisis and a high risk of debt distress. The most critical is the increasing disruption that climate change risks pose […]
By Rachel Thrasher On Tuesday, May 7, the Boston University Global Development Policy Center (GDP Center) hosted Alexandros Kentikelenis and Thomas Stubbs, co-authors of the new book, “A Thousand Cuts: Social Protection in the Age of Austerity,” as part of the Spring 2024 Global Economic Governance Initiative Book Talk Series. Kentikelenis is Associate Professor of […]
By Tim Hirschel-Burns In March, New York lawmakers submitted the “Sovereign Debt Stability Act” to the New York State Assembly with the goal of “providing effective mechanisms for restructuring sovereign and subnational debt.” Proponents of the bill will seek to move it through both chambers of the legislature and receive a signature from the governor […]
The global community’s efforts on climate change have yet to demonstrate the urgent need for immediate action. However, there is now a growing convergence that increasing levels of sovereign debt are inhibiting bold and necessary action on climate and development. The Vulnerable Group of 20 (V20) Ministers of Finance, comprising 68 climate vulnerable economies, are […]
By Jwala Rambarran and Fahmida Khatun Developing countries require considerable capital investments to accelerate the shift to low-carbon economies, enhance resilience to climate shocks, address loss and damage, restore biodiversity loss and navigate the cross-border spillovers associated with the global climate transition. Estimates of these external financing needs converge around $1 trillion per year by […]