NF-kB Target Genes
Target Genes of NF-kB
Cytokines/Chemokines and their Modulators
Immunoreceptors
Proteins Involved in Antigen Presentation
Cell Adhesion Molecules
Acute Phase Proteins
Stress Response Genes
Cell Surface Receptors
Regulators of Apoptosis
Growth Factors, Ligands and their Modulators
Early Response Genes
Transcription Factors and Regulators
Viruses
Enzymes
Miscellaneous
(*indicates that the gene has a kB site in the promoter but has not clearly been shown to be controlled by NF-kB; or the gene expression is associated with increased NF-kB activity but has not been shown to be a target directly)
Cytokines/Chemokines and their modulators
Gene | Function | Reference | Acc # | Human Gene Name |
BAFF | B-cell Activating Factor | Moon & Park , 2007 | NM_006573 | TNFSF13B |
BLIMP-1 | B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 | Calame, 2008 | NM_00198 | BLIMP1 /PRDM1 |
CCL5 | T-cell secreted factor | Wickremasinghe et al, 2004 | NM_002985 | CCL5 |
CCL15/Leukotactin/ SCYA15 | Chemokine for cell attraction | Shin et al, 2005 | NM_032965 | CCL15 |
CCL17 | Chemokine | Takegawa et al, 2008 | NM_002987 | CCL17 |
CCL19 | Recruitment of naive T cells to dendritic cells | Pietila et al, 2007 | NM_006274 | CCL19 |
CCL20 | Ligand of CC chemokine receptor 6 | Lee et al, 2008; Battaglia et al, 2007 | NM_004591 | CCL20 |
CCL22 | Epithelial cell chemokine at mucosa | Nakayama et al, 2004 | NM_002990 | CCL22 |
CCL23/SYA23 | Monocyte chemokine | Shin et al, 2007 | NM_005064 | CCL23 |
CCL28 | Chemokine for T-cell attraction | Ogawa et al, 2004 | NM_148672 | CCL28 |
CINC-1 | Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant | Blackwell et al, 1994 Ohtsuka et al, 1996 | NM_001511 | CXCL1 |
*CXCL 11 | Chemokine ligand for CXCR3 | Tensen et al, 1999 | NM_005409 | CXCL11 |
Eotaxin | beta Chemokine, eosinphil-specific | Hein et al, 1997 | NM_001565. | CXCL10 |
Fractalkine | TNF-induced chemokine | Ahn et al, 2004;Bhavsar et al, 2008 | NP_002987 | CXCL3 |
Gro alpha | Melanoma growth stimulating activity | Anisowicz et al, 1991 | NM_001511 | CXCL1 |
Gro beta | Chemokine | Anisowicz et al, 1991 | AAP13104 | GRO-beta |
Gro gamma | Chemokine | Anisowicz et al, 1991 | AAP13105. | GRO-gamma |
Gro-1 | Growth regulated oncogene; chemokine | Wood, 1995 | NM_001511 | CXCL1 |
*ICOS | Inducible co-stimulator | Haaning Anderson et al, 2003 | NM_012092 | ICOS |
IFN-g | Interferon | Sica et al, 1992; Sica et al, 1997 | NM_000619 | IFNG |
IL-1a | Interleukin-1a | Mori & Prager, 1996 | NM_000575 | IL1A |
IL-1b | Interleukin-1b | Hiscott et al, 1993 | NM_000576 | IL1B |
IL-1 receptor antagonist | Inhibitor of IL-1 activity | Smith et al, 1994 | NM_173842 | IL1RN |
IL-2 | Interleukin-2 | Serfling et al, 1989; Hoyos et al, 1989; Lai et al, 1995 | NM_000586 | IL2 |
IL-6 | Interleukin-6, inflammatory cytokine | Libermann & Baltimore, 1990; Shimizu et al, 1990;Son et al, 2008 | NM_000600 | IL6 |
IL-8 | Interleukin-8, alpha-chemokine | Kunsch & Rosen, 1993; Kang et al., 2007 | NM_000584 | IL8 |
IL-9 | Interleukin-9 | Zhu et al, 1996; Chen et al, 2008 | NM_000590 | IL9 |
IL-10 | Interleukin-10 | Xu & Shu, 2002; Cao et al, 2006 | NM_000572 | IL10 |
IL-11 | Interleukin-11 | Bitko et al, 1997 | NM_000641 | IL11 |
IL-12B (p40) | Interleukin-12 | Murphy et al, 1995 | NM_002187 | IL12B |
IL-12A (p35) | Interleukin-12 | Homma et al, 2007 | NM_000882 | IL12A |
IL-13 | Interleukin-13 | Hinz et al, 2002 | NM_002188 | IL13 |
*IL-15 | Interleukin-15 | Azimi et al, 1998 | NM_172174 | IL15 |
IL-17 | Interleukin-17 | Shen et al, 2006 | NM_002190 | IL17 |
IL-23A (p19) | Interleukin-23 (p19 gene) | Carmody et al, 2006; Liu et al, 2007 | NM_016584 | IL23A |
IL-27 (p28) | Interleukin-27 (p28 subunit) | Liu et al, 2007 | NM_145659 | IL27 |
EBI3/IL-27B | EBV-induced gene 3 (IL-27beta chain) | Poleganov et al, 2008 | NM_005755 | EBI3 |
beta-Interferon | Interferon | Hiscott et al, 1989; | NM_002176 | IFNB1 |
Lenardo et al, 1989 | ||||
IP-10 | alpha Chemokine | Ohmori & Hamilton, 1993; Yang et al, 2007 | NM_002994 | CXCL5 |
KC | alpha Chemokine | Ohmori et al, 1995 | S79767 | KC |
IiGp1 | Cytokine | Bunting et al, 2007 | NM_021792 | Iigp1 |
NM_002994 | CXCL5 | |||
*LIX (mouse); ENA-78 (CXCL5) and GCP-2 (CXCL6) (human) | LPS-induced CXC chemokines | Smith et al, 2002 | NM_002993 | CXCL6 |
Lymphotoxin a | TNF-like cytokine | Worm et al, 1998 | NM_000595 | LTA |
Lymphotoxin b | Anchors TNF to cell surface | Kuprash et al, 1996 | NM_002341 | LTB |
MCP-1/JE | Macrophage chemotactic protein, beta Chemokine | Ueda et al, 1994; Ueda et al, 1997 | NM_002982 | CCL2 |
Teferedegne et al, 2006; Xing & Remick, 2007; Ishikado et al, 2009 | ||||
MIG | Monokine induced by IFN-gamma | Bunting et al, 2007 | NM_002416 | CXCL9 |
MIP-1a,b | Macrophage inflammatory protein-1, b Chemokine | Grove & Plumb, 1993; Widmer et al, 1993 | NM_002983 | CCL3 |
NM_002984 | CCL4 | |||
aka (LAG-1) | Lymphocyte activation gene-1 | Xu et al, 2002; Modi et al, 2001 | NM_002984 | CCL4 |
MIP-2 | Macrophage inflammatory protein-2, b Chemokine | Widmer et al, 1993; Lee et al, 2005 | NM_002090 | CXCL3 |
MIP-3alpha/CCL20 | Macrophage inflammatory protein-3a | Kwon et al, 2002; Tomimori et al, 2007 | NM_004591 | CCL20 |
*mob-1 | A C-X-C chemokine | Varley et al, 2003 | NM_001565 | CXCL10 |
Neutrophil activating peptide-78 | Activates neutrophils | Keates et al., 2001 | NM_002994 | CXCL5 |
RANTES | Regulated upon Activation Normal T lymphocyte Expressed and Secreted,b Chemokine | Moriuchi et al, 1997 | NM_002985 | CCL5 |
TCA3, T-cell activation gene 3 | T-cell activation gene 3, beta chemokine | Oh & Metcalfe, 1994 | NM_002981 | CCL1 |
TNFalpha | Tumor necrosis factor alpha | Shakhov et al, 1990; Collart et al, 1990 | NM_000594 | TNF |
TNFbeta | Tumor necrosis factor beta | Paul et al, 1990; Messer et al, 1990 | NM_000595 | LTA |
TRAIL (aka Apo2 ligand) | Cytokine | Baetu et al, 2001; Matsuda et al, 2005 | NM_003810 | TNFSF10 |
TFF3 (Treefoil factor) | Peptide in response to gut irritation | Baus-Loncar et al, 2004 | NM_003226 | TFF3 |
VEGI | Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor | Xiao et al, 2005 | NM_005118 | TNFSF15 |
Immunoreceptors
Gene | Function | Reference | Access # | Human Gene Name |
B7.1 (CD80) | Co-stimulation of T cells via CD28 binding | Fong et al, 1996; Zhao et al, 1996 | NM_005191 | CD80 |
BRL-1 | B-cell homing receptor | Wolf et al, 1998 | NM_001716 | BLR1 |
CCR5 | Chemokine receptor | Liu et al, 1998 | NM_000579 | CCR5 |
CCR7 | Chemokine receptor | Hopken et al, 2002 | NM_001838 | CCR7 |
CXCR | Chemokine receptor | Maxwell et al, 2007 | NM_000634 | IL8RA |
CXCR2 | Chemokine receptor | Maxwell et al, 2007 | NM_001557 | IL8RB |
CD137 | TNF-like receptor | Kim et al, 2003 | NM_001561 | TNFRSF9 |
CD154 | CD40 ligand | Srahna et al, 2001; Schubert et al, 2002; Pham et al, 2005 | NM_000074 | CD40LG |
CD3gamma | T-cell marker | Willard-Gallo et al, 2005 | NM_000073 | CD3G |
CD21 | B-cell surface molecule | Debnath et al, 2007 | NM_001006658 | CR2 |
CD38 | NAD to cADP ribose converting molecule | Kang et al, 2006; Tirumurugaan et al, 2008 | NM_001775 | CD38 |
CD40 | TNF-receptor family member | Hinz et al, 2001 | NM_001250 | CD40 |
CD48 | Antigen of stimulated lymphocytes | Klaman & Thorley-Lawson, 1995 | NM_001778 | CD48 |
CD83 | T-cell development molecule | McKinsey et al, 2000; Berchtold et al, 2002 | NM_004233 | CD83 |
CD86 | Dendritic cell development molecule | Zou & Hu, 2005 | NM_175862 | CD86 |
CD98 | Membrane receptor, survival blood cells | Yan et al, 2006 | NM_001012661 | SLC3A2 |
CD134 | TNF-like receptor | Tone et al, 2007 | NM_003327 | TNFRSF4 |
*F11-receptor | Ig-like receptor for platelet adhesion | Sobocki et al, 2005 | NM_016946 | F11R |
FcRn | Neonatal receptor for IgG | Liu et al, 2007 | NM_004107 | FCGRT |
Fc epsilon receptor II (CD23) | Receptor for IgE | Richards & Katz, 1997; Lu et al, 2006; Debnath et al, 2007 | NM_002002 | FCER2 |
HLA-G | Human leukocyte antigen-G | Langat et al., 2007 | NM_002127 | HLA-G |
*ICOS | T-cell activation factor | Shilling et al., 2005 | NM_012092 | ICOS |
IL-2 receptor a-chain | IL-2 receptor subunit | Ballard et al., 1988 | NM_000417 | IL2RA |
Immunoglobulin Cgamma1 | IgG heavy chain | Lin & Stavnezer, 1996 | J00230 | IGHG2 |
Immunoglobulin gamma1 | IgG heavy chain | Dryer & Covey, 2005 | J00228 | IGHG1 |
Immunoglobulin gamma4 | IgG heavy chain | Agresti & Vercelli, 2002 | K01316 | IGHG4 |
Immunoglobulin e heavy chain | IgE heavy chain | Iciek et al, 1997 | J00222 | IGHE |
Immunoglobulin k light chain | Antibody light chain | Sen & Baltimore, 1986 | J00241 | IGKC |
Invariant Chain II | Antigen presentation | Pessara & Koch, 1990 | ||
Kinin B1 Receptor | Cardiovascular homeostasis; inflammation | Merino et al, 2005 | NM_000710 | BDKRB1 |
MHC class I (H-2Kb) | Major histocompatibility antigen | Israël et al, 1989a; Israël et al, 1989b | ||
MHC Class I HLA-B7 | Major histocompatibility antigen | Johnson & Pober, 1994 | NM_005514 | HLA-B |
b2 Microglobulin | Chaperone for MHC class I-like molecules | Israël et al, 1989a; Israël et al, 1989b; Gobin et al, 2002 | NM_004048 | B2M |
Nod2 | Intracellular pathogen recognition | Gutierrez et al, 2002 | NM_022162 | NOD2 |
Polymeric Ig receptor | Binds Ig | Schjerven et al, 2001 | AJ276452 | pIgR |
PGRP-S | Peptidoglycan recognition protein-S | Lang et al, 2007 | NM_005091 | PGLYRP1 |
T-cell receptor b chain | T-cell receptor subunit | Jamieson et al, 1989; McMillan & SIkes, 2008 | NG_001333 | TCRB |
T-cell receptor/CD3gamma | T-cell receptor subunit | Badran et al, 2002 | NM_000073 | CD3G |
TLR-2 | Toll-like receptor | Wang et al, 2001; Johnson & Tapping, 2007 | NM_003264 | TLR2 |
TLR9 | Toll-like receptor | Takeshita et al, 2004 | NM_017442 | TLR9 |
*TNF-Receptor, p75/80 (CD120B) | High-affinity TNF receptor | Santee & Owen-Schaub, 1996 | NM_001066 | TNFRSF1B |
TREM-1 | Neutrophil/monocyte Ig receptor | Zeng et al, 2007 | NM_018643 | TREM1 |
Proteins involved in antigen presentation
Gene | Function | Reference | Acc # | Human Gene Name |
Complement B | Activator of alternative complement pathway | Huang et al, 2002 | NM_001710 | CFB |
Complement component 3 | Component of complement pathway | Moon et al, 1999 | NM_000064 | C3 |
Complement Receptor 2 | Complement receptor for B-cell response to Ag | Tolnay et al, 2002 | NM_001006658 | CR2 |
Proteasome Subunit LMP2 | Subunit of 26S proteasome,cysteine protease | Wright et al, 1995; Marques et al, 2004 | NM_002800 | PSMB9 |
Peptide Transporter TAP1 | Peptide transporter for ER | Wright et al, 1995; Marques et al, 2004 | NM_000593 | TAP1 |
Tapasin | MHC class I presentation and assembly | Herrmann et al, 2003 | NM_003190 | TAPBP |
Cell adhesion molecules
Gene | Function | Reference | Acc # | Human Gene Name |
CD44 | Cell-surface receptor for hyaluronic acid | Hinz et al, 2002 | NP_000601 | CD44 |
DC-SIGN | Dendritic cell surface C-type lectin | Liu et al, 2003 | NM_021155 | CD209 |
ELAM-1 (CD62E, E-selectin) | E-selectin, endothelial cell leukocyte adhesion molecule | Whelan et al, 1991; Schindler & Baichwal, 1994 | NM_000450 | SELE |
Endoglin | Endothelial cell membrane glycoprotein | Botella et al, 2002 | NM_000118 | ENG |
Fibronectin | Extracellular attachment | Lee et al, 2002; Norton et al, 2004 | NM_002026 | FN1 |
ICAM-1 | Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 | van de Stolpe et al., 1994; Bunting et al, 2007 | NM_000201 | CD54 |
MadCAM-1 | Mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule | Takeuchi & Baichwal, 1995 | NM_130760 | MADCAM1 |
NCAM | Neural cell adhesion molecule | Simpson & Morris, 2000 | NM_000615 | NCAM |
P-selectin | Platelet adhesion receptor | Pan & McEver, 1995 | NM_003005 | SELP |
Tenascin-C | ECM protein controls cell attachment and migration, cell growth | Mettouchi et al, 1997 | NM_002160 | TNC |
VCAM-1 | Vascular cell adhesion molecule | Iademarco et al, 1992 | NM_001078 | VCAM1 |
Acute phase proteins
Gene | Function | Reference | Acc # | Human Gene Name |
Angiotensinogen (Angiotensin II) | Angiotensin precursor, regulates blood pressure | Brasier et al, 1990; Ron et al, 1990 | NM_000029 | AGT |
beta-defensin-2 | Anti-microbial peptide | Diamond et al, 2000; Tsutsumi-Ishii & Nagaoka, 2002; Kao et al, 2008 | AF040153 | DEFB2 |
C4b binding protein | Complement binding protein | Moffat & Tack, 1992 | NM_000715 | C4BPA |
Complement factor B | Complement factor | Nonaka & Huang, 1990 | NM_001710 | CFB |
Complement factor C4 | Activates extrinsic pathway of complement activation | Yu et al, 1989 | NM_007293 | C4A |
C-reactive protein | Host defense protein | Zhang et al, 1995; Agrawal et al, 2003a Agrawal et al, 2003b |
NM_000567 | CRP |
Hepcidin | Acute phase protein | Liao et al, 2006 | NM_021175 | HAMP |
Lipopolysaccharide binding protein | Binds to LPS receptor (CD14) with LPS | Schumann, 1995 | NM_004139 | LBP |
Pentraxin PTX3 | Pentraxin | Basile et al, 1997 | NM_002852 | PTX3 |
Serum amyloid A proteins (SAA1, SAA2, SAA3) | Serum components | Edbrooke et al, 1991; Li & Liao, 1991; Thorn & Whitehead, 2002; Son et al, 2004 | NM_000331 | SAA1 |
Serum amyloid A proteins (SAA1, SAA2, SAA3) | Serum components | NM_030754 | SAA2 | |
Serum amyloid A proteins (SAA1, SAA2, SAA3) | Serum components | S73444 | SAA3 | |
Tissue factor-1 | Activates extrinsic pathway of complement activation | Mackman et al, 1991 | NM_001993 | F3 |
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator | Activates fibrinogen for fibrin clot lysis | Novak et al, 1991 | NM_002658 | PLAU |
Stress response genes
Gene | Function | Reference | Acc # | Human Gene Name |
*CYP2E1 | Cytochrome p450 | Abdel-Razak et al, 2004 | NM_000773 | CYP2E1 |
CYP2C11 | Cytochrome p450 | Morgan et al, 2002 | X79081 | CYP2C11 |
CYP7b | Cytochrome p450 | Dulos et al, 2005 | NM_004820 | CYP7B1 |
COX-2 | Cyclooxygenase, prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase | Yamamoto et al, 1995;Ackerman et al, 2008; Kaltschmidt et al, 2002 | NM_000963 | PTGS2 |
Ferritin H chain | Iron storage protein | Kwak et al, 1995 | NM_002032 | FTH1 |
Glutamate-cysteine ligase | GSH biosynthesis | Peng et al, 2010 | GCLC | |
Glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier | GCLC modifier protein | Peng et al, 2010 | GCLM | |
HSP90-alpha | Heat shock protein | Ammirante et al, 2007 | NM_001017963 | HSP90AA1 |
*5-Lipoxygenase (guinea pig) | Arachidonic acid metabolic enzyme, leukotriene synthesis | Chopra et al, 1992 | XM_001127464 | ALOX5 |
12-Lipoxygenase | Arachidonic acid metabolic enzyme | Arakawa et al, 1995 | NM_000697 | ALOX12 |
Inducible NO-Synthase | NO synthesis | Geller et al, 1993 | NM_000625 | NOS2A |
*MAP4K1 | Activator of stress-induced protein kinase pathway | Carter et al, 2002 | NM_001042600 | MAP4K1 |
SENP2 | SUMO-specific protease | S Miyamoto, pers commun | NC_0000013.10 | SENP2 |
Cu/Zn SOD | Superoxide dismutase | Rojo et al, 2004 | NM_000454 | SOD1 |
SOD1 | Manganese uperoxide dismutase | Das et al, 1995 | NM_000454 | SOD1 |
SOD2 | Manganese superoxide dismutase | Xu et al, 1999a; 1991b; 2007a; 2007b | NM_000636 | SOD2 |
*Mx1 | Viral resistance gene | Gerardin et al, 2004 | NM_002462 | MX1 |
NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (DT-diaphorase) | Bioreductive enzyme | Yao & O’Dwyer, 1995 | NM_000903 | NQO1 |
Phospholipase A2 | Fatty acid metabolism | Morri et al, 1994 | AF058921 | PLA2 |
SEPS1 | Involved in cytokine production | Gao et al, 2006 | NM_018445 | SELS |
Cell-surface receptors
Gene | Function | Reference | Acc # | Human Gene Name |
ABCA1 | ATP-binding cassette transporter | Gerbod-Giannone et al, 2006 | NM_005502 | ABCA1 |
ABCC6 | ATP-binding, multidrug resistance-associated protein 6 transporter | Jiang et al, 2005 | NM_001171 | ABCC6 |
A1 adenosine receptor | Pleiotropic physiological effects | Nie et al, 1998; Jhaveri et al, 2007 | NM_000674 | ADORA1 |
A2A | Adenosine receptor | Morello et al, 2006 | NM_000675 | ADORA2A |
*ADAM19 | Dendritic cell marker | Ehrnsperger et al, 2005 | NM_023038 | ADAM19 |
Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel | Sodium channel | Baines et al, 2002; Haddad, 2005 | NM_001038 | SCNN1A |
*alpha2B-adrenergic receptor | adrenergic receptor | Cayla et al, 2004 | NM_000682 | ADRA2B |
Bradykinin B1-Receptor | Pleiotropic physiological effects | Ni et al, 1998 | NM_000710 | BDKRB1 |
*CD23 | Cell-surface molecule | Tinnell et al, 1998 | NM_002002 | FCER2/CD23 |
CD69 | Lectin mainly on activated T cells | Lopez-Cabrera et al, 1995 | NM_001781 | C69 |
DOR | Delta opiod receptor | Chen et al, 2005, 2006 | NM_000911 | OPRD1 |
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor | Receptor for EGF | Nishi et al, 2003; Thornburg & Raab-Traub, 2007 | NM_005228 | EGFR |
ErbB2 | EGF-like receptor | Kitamura et al, 2005 | NM_001005862 | ERBB2 |
Gal1 Receptor | Galanin receptor, neuroendocrine peptide | Lorimer et al, 1997 | NM_002256 | KISS1 |
Lox-1 | Receptor for Oxidized low density lipoprotein | Nagase et al, 1998 | NM_002543 | OLR1 |
Ly49 | Receptor on NK cells | Pascal et al, 2007 | NM_006611 | KLRA1 |
Mdr1 | Multiple drug resistance mediator (P-glycoprotein) | Zhou & Kuo, 1997; Wang et al, 2007 | NM_018849 | ABCB4 |
Mu-opioid receptor | Opioid Receptor | Kraus et al, 2003 | EU360599 | OPRM1 |
mGlu2 | Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 | Chiechio et al, 2006 | NM_000839 | GRM2 |
Neuropeptide Y-Y1 receptor | Pleiotropic physiological effects | Musso et al, 1997 | NM_000909 | NPY1R |
*NMDA receptor subunit 2A (rat) | Neural receptor for N-methyl-D-aspartate | Richter et al, 2002 | NM_000833 | GRIN2A |
*NMDA receptor subunit NR-1 (GRIN1 gene) | Subunit of neural receptor for N-methyl-D-aspartate | Begni et al, 2003 | NM_021569 | GRIN1 |
Oxytocin receptor | Oxytocin receptor | Terizidou et al, 2006 | NM_000916 | OXTR |
PAF receptor 1 | Platelet activator receptor | Mutoh et al, 1994 | NM_000952 | PTAFR |
P-gp | P-glycoprotein-Drug resistance | Wang et al, 2007 | NM_000927 | ABCB1 |
RAGE- receptor for advanced glycation end products | Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products | Li & Schmidt, 1997 | NM_001136 | AGER |
Regulators of apoptosis
Gene | Function | Reference | Acc # | Human Gene Name |
ASC | Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD | Sun et al, 2007 | NM_013258 | PYCARD |
Bax | Pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 homologue | Grimm et al, 2004 | NM_004324 | BAX |
Bfl1/A1 | Pro-survival Bcl-2 homologue | Grumont et al, 1999; Zong et al, 1999 | NM_004049 | BCL2A1 |
Bcl-xL | Pro-survival Bcl-2 homologue | Chen et al, 1999; Lee et al, 1999 | NM_138578 | BCL2L1 |
Bcl-2 | Pro-survival factor | Catz & Johnson, 2001 | NM_000633 | BCL2 |
Bim | Pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 homolog | Wang et al, 2008 | NM_138621 | BCL2L11 |
B7-H1 | Programmed cell death ligand 1 | Lee et al, 2005 | NM_014143 | CD274 |
BNIP3 | Hypoxia-inducible death factor | Baetz et al, 2005; Shaw et al, 2006 | NM_004052 | BNIP3 |
Caspase-11 | Caspase | Schauvliege et al, 2002 | NM_001225 | CASP4 |
Nr13 | Pro-survival Bcl-2 homologue | Lee et al, 1999 | ||
c-FLIP | Pro-survival factor | Kreuz et al, 2001 | NM_003879 | CFLAR |
CD95 (Fas) | Pro-apoptotic receptor | Chan et al, 1999; Zhou et al, 2005; Singh et al, 2006 | NM_000043 | FAS |
CIDEA | Cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector A | Pettersson et al, 2008 | NP_001270.1; NP_938031.1 | CIDEA |
*Fas-associated phosphatase-1 | Protein phosphatase | Irie et al, 2001 | NM_006264 | PTPN13 |
Fas-Ligand | Inducer of apoptosis | Matsui et al, 1998; Singh et al, 2006 | NM_000639 | FASLG |
IAPs | Inhibitors of Apoptosis | You et al, 1997; Stehlik et al, 1998a, 1998b | ||
IEX-1L | Immediate early gene | Wu et al, 1998 | NM_052815 | IER3 |
TRAF-1 | TNF-receptor associated factor | Schwenzer et al, 1999 | NM_005658 | TRAF1 |
TRAF-2 | TNF-receptor associated factor | Wang et al, 1998 | NM_021138 | TRAF2 |
*TRAF-2 binding protein (Carp) | TRAF2 binding protein | Chang et al, 2005 | NM_052864 | TIFA |
XIAP | X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis | Turner et al, 2007 | NM_001167 | XIAP |
Growth factors, ligands, and their modulators
Gene | Function | Reference | Acc # | Human Gene Name |
Activin A | TGF-beta-like factor | Alexander et al, 2007 | NM_002192 | INHBA |
Angiopoietin | Tie-2 receptor ligand | Scott et al, 2005 | NM_001146 | ANGPT1 |
BCAP | B-cell Adaptor for Phosphoinositide 3-kinase | Gupta et al, 2008 | NM_152309 | PI3KAP1 |
BDNF | Brain-derived neurotrophic factor | Saha et al, 2007 | NM_001709 | BDNF |
BLyS | B-lymphocyte stimulator | Fu et al, 2006 | NM_006573 | TNFSF13B |
BLNK | B-cell linker | Gupta et al, 2008 | NM_013314 | BLNK |
BMP-2 | Bone Morphogenic Protein-2 | Feng et al, 2003; Fukui et al, 2006 | NM_001200 | BMP2 |
BMP-4 | Bone Morphogenic Protein-4 | Zhu et al, 2007 | NM_001202 | BMP4 |
CGRP | Calcitonin gene-related peptide | Bowen et al, 2005 | NM_000728 | CALCB |
FGF8 | Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 | Armstrong et al, 2006 | NM_006119 | FGF8 |
FLRG | Follistatin-related gene | Bartholin et al, 2007 | NM_005860 | FSTL3 |
G-CSF | Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor | Nishizawa & Nagata, 1990 | NM_000759 | CSF3 |
GM-CSF | Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor | Schreck & Baeuerle, 1990; Bunting et al, 2007 | NM_000758 | CSF2 |
*HGF/SF | Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor | Harrison & Farzaneh, 2000 | NM_000601 | HGF |
EPO | Erythropoietin | Figueroa et al, 2002 | NM_000799 | EPO |
*IGFBP-1 | Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 | Lang et al, 1999 | NM_001013029 | IGFBP1 |
IGFBP-2 | Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 | Cazals et al, 1999 | NM_000597 | IGFBP2 |
M-CSF (CSF-1) | Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor | Brach et al, 1991; Hohensinner et al, 2007 | NM_000757 | CSF1 |
Midkine (neurite growth promoting factor-2) | Heparin Binding Growth Factor | You et al, 2008 | NM_001012334 | MDK |
NGF | Nerve Growth Factor | Heese et al, 2006 | NM_002506 | NGFB |
NK-1R | Neurokinin-1 Receptor | Simeonidis et al, 2003; Ramkissoon et al, 2007 | NM_015727 | TACR1 |
NK4 | Hepatocyte growth factor | Zhou et al, 2003 | NM_001012635 | NK4 |
Nrg1 | Neuregulin | Frensing et al, 2007 | NM_004495 | NRG1 |
OPN | Osteopontin | Samant et al, 2007 | NM_001040058 | SPP1 |
PDGF B chain | Platelet-derived Growth Factor | Khachigian et al, 1995; Au et al, 2005 | NM_002608 | PDGFB |
PlGF | Placenta Growth Factor | Cramer et al, 2005 | NM_002643 | PIGF |
Proenkephalin | Hormone | Rattner et al, 1991 | NM_006211 | PENK |
Prolactin | Pituitary hormone | Friedrichsen et al, 2005 | NM_000948 | PRL |
Stem Cell Factor | Mast Cell Growth Factor | Da Silva et al, 2003; 2004 | NM_000899 | KITLG |
*Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) | Matrix glycoprotein t | Yang et al, 2003 | NM_003246 | THBS1 |
*Thrombospondin-2 (THBS2) | Matrix glycoprotein t | Adolph et al, 1997 | NM_003247 | THBS2 |
VEGF C | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor | Chilov et al, 1997 | NM_005429 | VEGFC |
*WNT10B | Secreted glycoprotein | Katoh & Katoh, 2007 | NM_003394 | WNT10B |
Early response genes
Gene | Function | Reference | Acc # | Human Gene Name |
*B94 | Early response gene | Zhou et al, 2003 | NM_006291 | TNFAIP2 |
*Egr-1 | Mitogen-induced early response gene; zinc finger | Zhou et al, 2003 | NM_001964 | EGR1 |
p22/PRG1 | Rat homologue of IEX | Schafer et al, 1998 | NM_052815 | IER3 |
*p62 | Non-proteasomal multi-ubiquitin chain binding protein | Vadlamudi & Shin, 1998 | NM_016221 | DCTN4 |
*TIEG | TGF-b early response gene; zinc finger protein | Zhou et al, 2003 | NM_001032282 | KLF10 |
Transcription factors and their modulators
Gene | Function | Reference | Acc # | Human Gene Name |
A20 | TNF-inducible zinc finger | Krikos et al, 1992 | NM_006290 | TNFAIP3 |
ABIN-3 | NF-kB inhibitor | Verstrepen et al, 2007 | NM_024873 | TNIP3 |
Androgen receptor | Hormone receptor | Zhang et al, 2004 | NM_000044 | AR |
Bcl-3 | Coactivator for NF-kB p50 and p52 | Brocke-Heidrich et al, 2006 | NM_005178 | BCL3 |
BMI-1 | Polycomb chromatin modifier | Dutton et al, 2006 | NM_005180 | BMI1 |
CDX1 | Homeobox protein | Wong et al, 2005 | NM_001804 | CDX1 |
*c-fos (fish gene) | Proto-oncogene | Li et al, 2004 | NM_005252 | FOS |
c-myb | Proto-oncogene | Toth et al, 1995 | NM_005375 | MYB |
c-myc | Proto-oncogene | Duyao et al, 1990 | NM_002467 | MYC |
c-rel | Proto-oncogene | Hannink & Temin, 1990; Capobianco & Gilmore, 1991 | NM_002908 | REL |
C/EBPdelta | Transcription factor | Liu et al, 2007 | NM_005195 | CEBPD |
*DC-SCRIPT | Dendritic cell zinc finger protein | Triantis et al, 2006 | NM_152625 | ZNF366 |
Dmp1 | Myb-like transcription factor | Taneja et al, 2007 | NM_001079911 | DMP1 |
E2F3a | Cell cycle regulator | Cheng et al, 2003 | NM_001949 | E2F3 |
Elf3 | Ets family transcription factor | Hou et al, 2004 | NM_004433 | ELF3 |
*ELYS | Embryonic large molecule derived from yolk sac | Okita et al, 2003 | NM_015446 | AHCTF1 |
*ETR101 | TPA-inducible, Jun-like transcription factor | Zhou et al, 2003 | NM_004907 | IER2 |
Gata-3 | T-cell differentiation Factor | Corn et al, 2005 | NM_001002295 | GATA3 |
*Glucocorticoid receptor | Promoter 1B of the GR | Schaff & Cidlowski, 2002 | NM_000176 | NR3C1 |
HIF-1alpha | Hypoxia-inducible factor | Bonello et al, 2007; Belaiba et al, 2007; van Uden et al, 2008; Gorlach & Bonello, 2008 | NM_001530 | HIF1A |
HOXA9 | Homeobox protein | Trivedi et al, 2007 | NM_152739 | HOXA9 |
IRF-1 | Interferon regulatory factor-1 | Harada et al, 1994; Robinson et al, 2006 | NM_002198 | IRF1 |
IRF-2 | Interferon regulatory factor-2 | Harada et al, 1994 | NM_002199 | IRF2 |
IRF-4 | Interferon regulatory factor-4 | Grumont & Gerondakis, 2000; Saito et al, 2007 | NM_002460 | IRF4 |
IRF-7 | Interferon regulatory factor -7 | Lu et al, 2002 | NM_001572 | IRF7 |
IkB-a | Inhibitor of Rel/NF-kB | Haskill et al, 1991; | NM_020529 | NFKBIA |
Sun et al, 1993 | ||||
de Martin et al, 1993 | ||||
IkB-e | Inhibitor of Rel/NF-kB | Tian et al, 2005 | NM_004556 | NFKBIE |
junB | Proto-oncogene | Brown et al, 1995 | NM_002229 | JUNB |
jmjD3 | Histone lysine demethylase | G Natoli, pers comm | XM_043272 | JMJD3 |
Lef1 | Transcription factor in Wnt/b-catenin pathway | Yun et al, 2007 | NM_016269 | LEF1 |
LZIP | Leukocyte cell mobility | Jang et al, 2007 | NM_006368 | CREB3 |
IkB-like protein | Shiina et al, 2001; Ito et al, 2004 | NM_001005474 | NFKBIZ | |
nfkb2 | NF-kB p100 precursor | Lombardi et al, 1995 | NM_001077493 | NFKB2 |
nfkb1 | NF-kB p105 precursor | Ten et al, 1992 | NM_003998 | NFKB1 |
NLRP2 | NF-kB pathway inhibitor | Fontalba et al, 2007 | NM_017852 | NLRP2 |
NURR1 | Nuclear orphan receptor | McEvoy et al, 2002 | NM_006186 | NR4A2 |
Osterix | Bone transcription factor | Lu et al, 2006 | AF477981 | Osterix |
p53 | TF, Tumor suppressor | Wu & Lozano, 1994; Schumm et al, 2006 | NM_000546 | TP53 |
Progesterone receptor | Transcription factor | Condon et al, 2005 | NM_000926 | PGR |
PU.1 | Transcription factor | Bonadies et al, 2009 | NM_001080547.1 | SPI1 |
relb | Transcription factor | Bren et al, 2001 | NM_006509 | RELB |
Snail | Transcription factor | Barbera et al, 2004; Julien et al, 2007 | NM_005985 | SNAI1 |
Sox9 | Transcription factor | Murakami et al, 2000 | NM_000346 | SOX9 |
Stat5a | Transcription factor | Hinz et al, 2002 | NM_003152 | STAT5A |
Tfec | Transcription factor | Rehli et al, 2005 | NM_001018058 | TFEC |
Twist | Transcription repressor | Horikawa et al, 2007; Pham et al, 2007 | NM_000474 | TWIST1 |
WT1 | Zinc finger transcription factor | Dehbi et al, 1998; Chen & Williams, 2000 | NM_000378 | WT1 |
YY1 | Transcription factor | Wang et al, 2007 | NM_003403 | YY1 |
Enzymes
Gene | Function | Reference | Acc # | Human Gene Name |
*ABC Transporters | ATP-binding membrane transporters | Mutch et al, 2003 | NM_019625 | ABCB9 |
*N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (rat gene) | N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase | Fukuda et al, 2003 | NM_001097634 | GCNT1 |
ADH | Liver alcohol dehydrogenase | Potter et al, 2002 | NM_000667 | ADH1A |
AID | Activation-induced cytidine deaminase | Gourzi et al, 2007; Endo et al, 2007 | NM_020661 | AICDA |
AMACR | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | Chen et al, 2007 | NM_014324 | AMACR |
ARF-related protein-1 | GTPase | Mueller et al, 2007 | NM_003224 | ARFRP1 |
Argininosuccinate synthetase | Arginine synthesis | Fan et al, 2005; Brasse-Lagnel et al, 2007 | NM_000050 | ASS1 |
Aromatase (promoter II) | Estrogen synthesis | Brasse-Lagnel et al, 2004 | NM_000103 | CYP19A1 |
ART2.1 | Ecto-ADP-ribosyltransferase | Hong et al, 2007 | NM_004314 | ART1 |
alpha 1ACT | Anti-chymotrypsin | Kiss et al, 2005 | NM_001085 | SERPINA3 |
BACE-1 | beta site APP cleaving enzyme | Sambamurti et al, 2004; Rossner et al, 2006: Bourne et al, 2007; Bruggia-Prevot et al, 2008 | NM_012104 | BACE1 |
Btk | Bruton’s Tyrosine kinase | Yu et al, 2008 | NM_000061 | BTK |
Cathepsin B | Lysosomal cysteine protease | Bien et al, 2004 | NM_001908 | CTSB |
*Cathepsin L | Lysosomal cysteine protease | Seth et al, 2003 | NM_001912 | CTSL1 |
cdk6 | Cell-dependent kinase 6 | Iwanaga et al, 2008 | CDK6 | |
*Ceramide glycosyltransferase | Glycosphingolipid | Ichikawa et al, 1998 | NM_020120 | UGCGL1 |
Chitinase 3-like protein | Chitinase | Recklies et al, 2005 | NM_001276 | CHI3L1 |
*cis-retinoid/androgen dehydrogenase type 1 (CRAD1) | Short chain dehydrogenase | Chai et al, 2001 | NM_080436 | Rdh1 |
*cis-retinoid/androgen dehydrogenase type 2 (CRAD2) | Short chain dehydrogenase | Tomita et al, 2000 | NM_017473 | Rdh7 |
Collagenase 1 | Matrix metalloproteinase | Vincenti et al, 1998 | NM_002421 | MMP1 |
*Dihydrodiol dehydrogenase | Oxidoreductase, oxidation of trans-hydodiols | Ciaccio et al, 1996 | NM_00135 | AKR1C1 |
*DYPD | Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase | Ukon et al, 2005 | NM_000110 | DPYD |
DNASIL2 | DNAse-like endonuclease | Shiokawa et al, 2004 | NM_001374 | DNASE1L2 |
EL | Endothelial lipase | Kempe et al, 2005 | NM_006033 | LIPG |
*ENO2 | Enolase 2 gamma | Carter et al, 2002 | NM_001975 | ENO2 |
*GAD67 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase | Szabo et al, 1996 | NM_000817 | GAD1 |
GD3-synthase | Sialyltransferase | Zeng et al, 1998: Kang et al, 2007 | NM_003034 | ST8SIA1 |
gp91 phox | Subunit of NADPH oxidase | Anrather et al, 2006 | NM_007052 | NOX1 |
Gelatinase B | Matrix metalloproteinase | He, 1996 | NM_004994 | MMP9 |
GSTP1-1 | Glutathione S-transferase | Xia et al, 1996 | NM_000852 | GSTP1 |
Glutamate-cysteine ligase | Glutathione S-transferase synthesis enzyme | Yang et al, 2001; Nagashima et al, 2007 | NM_001498 | GCLC |
GCLC | Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit | Yang et al, 2005 | NM_001498 | GCLC |
*Glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier | Glutathione S-transferase synthesis enzyme | Yang et al, 2001 | NM_002061 | GCLM |
*gamma glutamylcysteine synthetase | Glutatamylcysteine synthesis | Cheng et al, 2005 | NM_001498 | GCLC |
*Glucose l-6-phosphate dehydrogenase | Hexose monophosphate | Garcia-Nogales et al, 1999 | NM_000402 | G6PD |
Glucose-6-phosphatase | Hexose phosphatase | Xu et al, 2007 | NM_000151 | G6PC |
GnRH II | Gonadotropin-releasing hormone II | Hoo et al, 2007 | NM_001501 | GNRH2 |
Granzyme B | NK cell cytotoxicity | Huang et al, 2006 | NM_004131 | GZMB |
*Soluble Guanylyl cyclase alpha (1) | Receptor for NO | Vazquez-Padron et al, 2004 | NM_000855 | GUCY1A2 |
*Heparanase | Cleaves heparin | Cao et al, 2005 | NM_006665 | HPSE |
HO-1 | Hemeoxygenase | Lavrovsky et al, 1994; Rushworth & O’Connell, 2004; Wu et al, 2004; Lin et al, 2007 | NM_002133 | HMOX1 |
Hyaluronan synthase | Synthesizes hyaluronic acid | Ohkawa et al, 1999; Kim, 2006; Saavalainen et al, 2007 | NM_001523 | HAS1 |
11bHSD2 | 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 | Kostadinova et al, 2005 | NM_000196 | HSD11B2 |
*17bHSD | 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase | Villar et al, 2007 | NM_014234 | HSD17B8 |
H+-K+ATPase alpha2 | Role in potassium homeostasis | Zhang & Kone, 2002;Saha et al 2008 | NM_000702 | ATP1A2 |
Iodothyronine deiodinase (type 2) | Converts T4 to T3 | Fekete et al, 2003; Zeold et al, 2006 | NM_000793 | DIO2 |
*Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase | Enzyme for Trp synthesis | Ogasawara et al, 2009 | NM_002164 | IDO1 |
Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) | Prostaglandin D2 synthase in brain | Fujimori et al, 2003 | NM_000954 | PTGDS |
Lysozyme | Hydrolyzes bacterial cell walls | Phi van, 1996 | NM_000239 | LYZ |
Mthfr | Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase | Pickell et al, 2005 | NM_005957 | MTHFR |
*MKP-1 | MAP kinase phosphatase | Zhou et al, 2003 | NM_004417 | DUSP1 |
MMP-3, matrix metalloproteinaase-3 | Secreted collagenase involved in metastasis | Borghaei et al, 2004 | NM_002422 | MMP3 |
MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinaase-9 | Secreted collagenase involved in metastasis | Bond et al, 1998; Farina et al, 1999; Yan et al, 2004 | NM_004994 | MMP9 |
MLCK | (Long) Myosin light chain kinase | Graham et al, 2006 | NM_053025 | MYLK |
iNOS | Inducible nitric oxide synthase | Morris et al, 2003; Guo et al, 2006; Hughes et al, 2008 | NM_000625 | NOS2A |
n-NOS | Neuronal nitric oxide synthase | Nakata et al, 2006; Li et al, 2007a, 2007b | NM_000620 | NOS1 |
*PDE7A1 | Phosphodiesterase 7A1 | Torras-Llort, & Azorin, 2003 | NM_002603 | PDE7A |
PIM-1 | Ser/Thr kinase | Zhu et al, 2002 | NM_002648 | PIM1 |
Plk3 | Polo-like (Ser/Thr) kinase 3 | Li et al, 2005 | NM_004073 | PLK3 |
PIK3CA | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit | Yang et al, 2008 | NM_006218 | PIK3CA |
*PP5 | Protein phosphatase 5 | Matsuda et al, 2003 | NM_006247 | PPP5C |
PKAalpha | Protein kinase A isoform | Kaltschmidt et al, 2006 | NM_002730 | PRKACA |
PKCdelta | Protein kinase D isoform | Suh et al, 2003 | NM_006254 | PRKCD |
PLCdelta 1 | Phospholipase C isoform | Kim et al, 2003 | NM_006225 | PLCD1 |
*PTGIS, prostaglandin synthase | Prostaglandin synthase | Yokoyama et al, 1996 | NM_000961 | PTGIS |
*PGES, prostaglandin E synthase | Prostaglandin synthase | Zhou et al, 2003 | NM_004878 | PTGES |
PTP1B | Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B | Zabolotny et al, 2008 | NM_002827 | PTPN1 |
PTHrP | Parathryroid hormone related protein | Nadella et al, 2007 | NM_002820 | PTHLH |
RACK1 | Receptor for Activated C kinase | Choi et al, 2003 | NM_006098 | GNB2L1 |
*REV3 | DNA polymerase zeta | Yu et al, 2004 | NM_002912 | REV3L |
Slfn-2 | Schlafen-2 DNA/RNA helicase | Sohn et al, 2007 | NM_011408 | Slfn2 |
Serpin 2A | Serine protease | Hampson et al, 2001 | XM_372532 | SERPINA2 |
SIAT1 | Sialyltransferase | Lo & Lau, 1999 | NM_173216 | ST6GAL1 |
SNARK | SNF1/AMPK-related kinase | Legembre et al, 2004 | NM_030952 | NUAK2 |
SSAT | Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase | Babbar et al, 2006 | NM_002970 | SAT1 |
*SUV3 | ATP-dependent RNA and DNA helicase | Minczuk et al, 2005 | NM_003171 | SUPV3L1 |
TERT | Telomerase catalytic subunit | Yin et al, 2000: Hrdlickova et al, 2006 | NM_198253 | TERT |
Transglutaminase | Forms isopeptide bonds | Mirza et al, 1997 | NM_000359 | TGM1 |
TTG | Tissue transglutaminase | Chen et al, 2008 | NM_004613 | TGM2 |
Type II-secreted phospholipase A2 | Proinflammatory phospholipase | Couturier et al, 1999 | NM_000437 | PAFAH2 |
Uridine phosphorylase | 5-fluorouracil and capecitabine metabolism | Wan et al, 2006 | NM_003364 | UPP1 |
*Xanthine Dehydrogenase | Oxidative metabolism of purines | Xu et al, 1996 | NM_000379 | XDH |
Miscellaneous
Gene | Function | Reference | Acc # | Human Gene Name |
*ABCG5 (bovine) | ATP-binding cassette sterol transporters | Viturro et al, 2006 | NM_022436 | ABCG5 |
ABCG8 (bovine) | ATP-binding cassette sterol transporters | Viturro et al, 2006 | NM_022437 | ABCG8 |
AbetaH-J-J | Tripartite gene: aspartyl-beta-hydroxylase, junctin), junctate | Feriotto et al, 2005 | NM_004318 | ASPH |
alpha-1 acid glycoprotein | Serum protein | Mejdoubi et al, 1999 | NM_000607 | ORM1 |
alpha-fetoprotein | Liver cancer marker | Cavin et al, 2004 | NM_001134 | AFP |
AMH | Anti-Mullerian hormone | Lukas-Croisier et al, 2003 | NM_000479 | AMH |
*beta-amyloid | Alzheimer’s precursor | Song & Lahiri, 1998 | NM_000484 | A4 |
APOBEC2 | Apolipoportein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic subunit 2 | Matsumoto et al, 2006 | NM_006789 | APOBEC2 |
Apolipoprotein C III | Apoprotein of HDL | Gruber et al, 1994 | NM_000040 | APOC3 |
Apolipoprotein D | Plasma lipocalin | Do Carmo et al, 2007 | NM_001647 | APOD |
Apolipoprotein E | Protein assoc. with Alzheimers | Lahiri, 2004; Du et al, 2005 | NM_000041 | APOE |
AQP4 | Aquaporin 4 | Ito et al, 2006 | NM_001650 | AQP4 |
*Biglycan | Connective tissue proteoglycan | Ungefroren & Krull, 1996 | NM_001711 | BGN |
BRCA2 | Breast Cancer Susceptibility protein-2 | Wu et al, 2000 | NM_000059 | BRCA2 |
Calsarcin-1 | Muscle cell calcineurin-interacting protein | Wang et al, 2007 | NM_021245 | MYOZ1 |
*Caveolin-1 | Lipid raft protein | Deregowski et al, 2002 | NM_001753 | CAV1 |
*Clone 330 | Possible secreted protein | Matsuda et al, 2003 | ||
*Clone 156 | Unknown NF-kB inducer | Matsuda et al, 2003 | ||
*Clone 68 | Unknown NF-kB inducer | Matsuda et al, 2003 | ||
*p21-CIP1 | Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor | Hinata et al, 2003 | NM_000389 | CDKN1A |
*Claudin-2 | Gap junction protein | Yamamoto et al, 2004 | NM_020384 | CLDN2 |
a2(I) collagen | Type I collagen | Novitskiy et al, 2004; Nieto, 2007 | NM_000089 | COL1A2 |
*Connexin32 | Gap junction protein | Yamamoto et al, 2004 | NM_000166 | GJB1 |
Cyclin D1 | Cell-cycle regulation | Guttridge et al, 1999; Hinz et al, 1999; Toualbi-Abed et al, 2008 | NM_053056 | CCND1 |
Cyclin D2 | Cell-cycle regulation | Huang et al, 2004; Iwanaga et al, 2008 | NM_001759 | CCND2 |
*Cyclin D3 | Cell-cycle regulation | Wang et al, 1996 | NM_001760 | CCND3 |
DIF2 | Monocyte differentiation gene | Witcher et al, 2007 | NM_003897 | IER3 |
DMT1 | Divalent metal ion transporter | Paradkar et al, 2005 | NM_000617 | SLC11A2 |
Elafin | Proteinase inhibitor | Bingle et al, 2001 | NM_002638 | SKALP, PI3 |
Endothelin 1 | Vasoconstrictor peptide/mitogen | Quehenberger et al, 2000 | NM_001955 | EDN1 |
Ephrin-A1 | Cell-cycle regulation | Deregowski et al, 2002 | NM_005232 | EPHA1 |
Factor VIII | Hemostasis | Figueiredo & Brownlee, 1995 | NM_000132 | F8 |
Ferritin Heavy Chain | Anti-oxidant | Kwak et al, 1995 | NM_002032 | FTH1 |
Gadd45beta | DNA repair/cell cycle | De Smaele et al, 2001; Qiu et al, 2004 | NM_015675 | GADD45B |
Galpha i2 | G protein | Arinze & Kawai, 2005 | NM_002070 | GNAI2 |
*GIF | Cys-rich metal binding protein | Hinata et al, 2003 | NM_005954 | MT3 |
Galectin 3 | b-galactosidase-binding lectin | Hsu et al, 1996 | NR_003225 | LGALS3 |
GBP-1 | GTPase guanylate binding protein | Naschberger et al, 2004 | NM_002053 | GBP1 |
epsilon-Globin | Globin protein | Hou et al, 2002, 2004 | NM_005330 | HBE1 |
zeta-Globin | Globin protein | Wang & Liebhaber, 1999 | NM_005332 | HBZ |
*GS3686 | Homology to microtubule aggregating protein | Carter et al, 2002 | NM_006820 | IFI44L |
Hair K5 keratin | Hair keratin protein | Gilon et al, 2007 | NM_000424 | KRT5 |
*HCCS1 | Hepatocarcinoma suppressor 1 | Zhu et al, 2006 | NM_018289 | VPS53 |
HMG14 | High mobility group 14 | Walker & Enrietto, 1996 | NM_004965 | HMGN1 |
IBABP | Ileal bile acid binding protein | Fang et al, 2007 | NM_001445 | FABP6 |
IMP2 | Insulin-like growth factor-II mRNA binding protein | Cleynen et al, 2007 | NM_000597 | IGFBP2 |
K3 Keratin | Intermediate filament protein | Wu et al, 1994 | NM_057088 | KRT3 |
K6b Keratin | Intermediate filament protein | Komine et al, 2000 | NM_005555 | KRT6B |
K15 Keratin | Intermediate filament protein | Radoja et al, 2004 | NM_002275 | KRT15 |
*Lactoferrin | Milk protein | Zheng et al, 2005 | NM_002343 | LTF |
Laminin B2 Chain | Basement membrane protein | Richardson et al, 1995 | NM_002292 | LAMB2 |
Lipocalin-2 | Iron-siderophore-binding protein | Fujino et al, 2005 | NM_005564 | LCN2 |
Mts1 | Multiple tumor suppressor | Tulchinsky et al, 1997 | NM_002961 | S100A4 |
Mir125b | Micro-RNA TNFa | Tili et al, 2007 | ||
Mir146a, b | Micro-RNA for IRAK and Traf6 | Taganov et al, 2006 | ||
Mir155 | Micro-RNA for FADD, IKKe, Ripk1 | Tili et al, 2007 | ||
MNE1 | Monocyte/neutrophil elastase inhibitor | Zeng et al, 2000 | NM_030666 | SERPINB1 |
Mucin (MUC-2) | Airway defense glycoprotein | Jono et al, 2002; Lee et al, 2000 | NM_002457 | MUC2 |
Myelin basic protein | Neural sheath | Paez et al, 2006 | NM_001025081 | MBP |
MCT1 | Monocarboxylate transporter isoform 1 | Borthakur et al, 2007 | NM_003051 | SLC16A1 |
Naf1 | Associates with HIV Nef | Tian et al, 2005 | NM_006058 | TNIP1 |
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin | Anti-microbial protein in lung | Cowland et al, 2003 | NM_005564 | LCN2 |
NLF1 | IL-1beta induced | Warton et al, 2004 | NM_207322 | FAM148A |
*p11 | Annexin II ligand | Huang et al, 2003 | NM_002966 | S100A10 |
PA28 alpha | Proteasome activator | Ossendorp et al, 2005 | NM_006263 | PSME1 |
PA28 beta | Proteasome activator | Ossendorp et al, 2005 | NM_002818 | PSME2 |
PAI-1 | Plasminogen activator inhibitor | Hou et al, 2004 | NM_000602 | SERPINE1, PAI-1 |
*Pax8 | Paired box gene | Okladnova et al, 1997 | NM_003466 | PAX8 |
*PCBD | 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase | Carter et al, 2002 | NM_000317 | PTS |
Perforin | Pore-forming effector molecule | Zhou et al, 2002 | NM_005041 | PRF1 |
PGC-1β | mitochondrial regulator PPAR-γ coactivator 1β | Bakkar et. al. 2012 |
NM_001172698.1 |
PPARGC1B |
*PGK1 | Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 | Carter et al, 2002 | NM_000291 | PGK1 |
POMC | Proopiomelanocortin | Karalis et al, 2004; Asaba et al, 2007 | NM_000939 | POMC |
Pregnancy-specific glycoprotein rnCGM3 | Placental expression | Wang et al, 2001 | NM_019126 | CGM3 |
Prodynorphin | Neuropeptide | Bakalkin et al, 1994 | NM_024411 | PDYN |
Prostate-specific antigen | Serum protein in prostate cancer | Chen & Sawyers, 2002 | NM_001030047 | KLK3 |
PTEN | Tumor suppressor | Xia et al, 2007 | NM_000314 | PTEN |
RAG-1 | Immunoglobulin recombinase genes | Verkoczy et al, 2005 | NM_000448 | RAG1 |
RAG-2 | Immunoglobulin recombinase genes | Verkoczy et al, 2005 | NM_000536 | RAG2 |
RbAp48 | Retinoblastoma-associated protein 48 | Pacifico et al, 2007 | NM_005610 | RBBP4 |
*RICK | Adaptor | Matsuda et al, 2003 | NM_003821 | RIPK2 |
SerpinE2 | Serine protease inhibitor | Suzuki et al, 2006 | NM_006216 | SERPINE2 |
S100A6 (calcyclin) | Calcium binding protein | Joo et al, 2003 | NM_014624 | S100A6 |
SH3BGRL | SH3-binding glutamic acid-rich protein | Majid et al, 2005 | NM_003022 | SH3BGRL |
SK2 channels | Small-conductance Ca2+-activated channels | Kye et al, 2007 | NM_021614 | KCNN2 |
Skp2 | S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 | Schneider et al, 2006 | NM_005983 | SKP2 |
*Spergen-1 | Sperm-specific mitochondrial protein | Matsuoka et al, 2004 | NM_174927 | SPATA19 |
SWS1 | Rainbow trout opsin | Dann et al, 2004 | NM_001708 | OPN1SW |
Syncytin-1 | Env glycoprotein of endogenous human retrovirus | Mameli et al, 2007 | NM_014590 | ERVWE1 |
Syndecan-4 | Heparin sulfate proteoglycan | Zhang et al, 1999 | NM_002999 | SDC4 |
TAUT | Taurine Uptake Transporter | Mochizuki et al, 2005 | NM_003043 | SLC6A6 |
TASK-2 | Tandem P domain potassium channel | Brazier et al, 2005 | NM_003740 | KCNK5 |
*Tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) | Serine protease inhibitor | Konduri et al, 2003a, 2003b; Hube et al, 2003 | NM_006528 | TFPI2 |
*Transferrin (mosquito) | Probable iron transport protein | Harizanova et al, 2005 | NM_001063 | TF |
TRIF | TIR-containing adaptor protein inducing interferon beta | Hardy et al, 2004 | NM_014261 | TICAM1 |
TRPC1 | Thrombin activation of protease-activated receptor-1 | Paria et al, 2006 | NM_003304 | TRPC1 |
*UBE2M | Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2M | Carter et al, 2002 | NM_003969 | UBE2M |
*UCP-2 | Uncoupling protein-2 | Lee et al, 1999 | NM_003355 | UCP2 |
Uroplakin Ib | Surface structural protein on urothelial cells | Varga et al, 2004 | NM_006952 | UPK1B |
25-hydroxyvtamin D3 1alpha hydroxylase | Enzyme for liver vitamin D3 production | Ebert et al, 2004 | NM_000785 | CYP27B1 |
Vimentin | Intermediate filament protein | Lilienbaum et al, 1990; Zheng et al, 2005 | NM_003380 | VIM |
a1-antitrypsin | Protease inhibitor | Ray et al, 1995 | NM_000295 | SERPINA1 |
Gro-1 | Growth regulated oncogene; chemokine | Wood, 1995 | NM_001511 | CXCL1 |
Viruses
Gene | Function | Reference | |
Adenovirus (E3 region) | Adenovirus | Williams et al, 1990 | |
Avian Leukosis Virus | Causes avian leukosis | Bowers et al, 1996 | |
Bovine Leukemia Virus | Causes bovine leukemia | Brooks et al, 1998 | |
CMV | Cytomegalovirus | Sambucetti et al, 1989 | |
EBV (Wp promoter) | Epstein-Barr virus | Sugano et al, 1997 | |
HBV (pregenomic promoter) | Hepatitis B virus | Kwon & Rho, 2002 | |
HIV-1 | Human immunodeficiency virus | Nabel & Baltimore, 1987; Griffin et al, 1989 | |
HSV (ICP90, ICPO) | Herpes simplex virus | Rong et al, 1992; La Frazia et al, 2006 | |
JC Virus | Polyoma virus | Ranganathan & Khalili, 1993 | |
HPV type 16 | Human Papillomavirus | Fontaine et al, 2000 | |
SIV | Simian immunodeficiency virus | Bellas et al, 1993 | |
SV-40 | Simian virus 40 | Kanno et al, 1989 |
For 135 additional potential NF-kB target genes, which are predicted by computer-based methods to have composite NF-kB/C/EBP regulatory sites, see Shelest et al., 2003.
For 9 additional potential NF-kB immune function target genes, see Liu et al., 2003.
For several hundred predicted NF-kB target genes in pancreatic cells, see Naamane et al, 2007.
For additional c-Rel-specific target genes, see Bunting et al, 2007.
For 23 possible additional NF-kB targets from microarrays see Takase et al, 2008
See also http://bioinfo.lifl.fr/NF-KB/for target gene information and binding sites.