Compilers
GNU, PGI (Portland Group Inc.), and Intel compilers and their optimization options.
Multiprocessor Programming
OpenMP, MPI, CUDA, OpenACC.
Tuning and Best Practices
Suggestions for relatively easy ways to speed up your code and pointers to more advanced options.
Debugging
Finding and fixing bugs in your code.
Profiling
Profiling your code to identify sections which optimization of would most help to speed up your code.