P. Harris Colloquium: Around the Forces in 80 Microseconds

With large amounts of data, a Higgs boson discovery, and world-leading constraints on fundamental forces, the Large Hadron Collider has been a phenomenal tool. However, it is going through a mid-life crisis. More data, more Higgs bosons, and more constraints are not generating the same excitement as in the past. We venture into a new direction with fresh insights that allow us to perform unprecedented physics measurements, leading to many results, including a mysterious deviation in Higgs boson production and a path toward artificial intelligence-automated physics searches. We then look at the future of the LHC and present a real-time system built around novel AI-based processing technology that will expand the scope of future physics measurements at the LHC. We extend these real-time AI approaches to gravitational wave astrophysics, highlighting new results from an end-to-end AI pipeline. Finally, we show how a community is emerging around real-time “Fast Machine Learning,” spanning many scientific domains, built on physics, and resulting in a new paradigm for next-generation experiments.