Common Citation Styles
See below for guidance on common citation styles, as well as additional styles that you may be required to use depending on your program. However, there is no standard citation style at BU. Always check with your instructor or publisher for their preferred style.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Chicago Style
Modern Language Association (MLA)
More Citation Styles
Some fields and disciplines use their own styles and guidance for citing. While there are hundreds of styles available, we’ve selected a few to highlight here. As always, if you aren’t sure which style to use, check with your instructor or publisher.
American Chemistry Society (ACS)
American Medical Association (AMA)
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
The Council of Science Editors (CSE)
Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Quick Citation Generators
If you’re looking for a tool to simply generate citations quickly, these resources may suit your needs. Keep in mind that you should always double-check generated citations for accuracy!
NCSU’s Citation Builder
This tool from NCSU offers a quick and easy, fill-in-the-blank tool for creating single citations in MLA, APA, Chicago, and CSE formats.
Getting Started with Citation Managers
Citation managers are specialized research tools that help you collect, organize, cite, and share your references. Citation managers are ideal for sharing references among members of a research group, such as students working on a group assignment, or faculty co-writing a paper
BU Libraries provides support for the following citation managers, except RefWorks after August 31st, 2026. Select the pages below to learn more about each tool:
Choosing a Citation Manager
Can’t decide which citation is right for you? If you’d like to compare your options, the University of Toronto has an extensive comparison table that may help you decide.
Citation Comparison Table at University of Toronto
Best Practices for Citing in Research
While citation managers make citing, storing, and organizing references easy, they are not foolproof. Keep the following in mind when using them:
1. Check Your References
The various libraries and databases you use index information differently, with varying degrees of accuracy. Necessary information might be missing or incorrect (e.g. book chapters categorized as journal articles). Check the information in each reference in your citation manager before you start citing them in your work.
2. Research First, Then Write
Many citation managers include a component that works with word processing software. Though you can usually alter your bibliography by inserting or removing a citation, it’s easier to collect all your references before you start writing.
3. Use One Document Per Project
If you’re working on a long piece of writing, like a book or dissertation, it may be tempting to save your chapters as several files. Unless you’re using end notes that are numbered anew with each chapter, resist this temptation. Combining citations from different files can be tricky when you’re using a citation feature from your bibliographic manager.
4. Know the (Citation) Rules
It helps to know the basic citation format of the style you’re using, whether that’s APA style, MLA style, or something else altogether. This will help you to spot irregularities in your citations.
5. Choose the Same Tool for Collaboration
If you work in a research group, it’s wise for all group members to use the same bibliographic manager. This makes sharing easy.
Writing Support on Campus
The BU Libraries can help you navigate any of the citation tools and style guides listed here. For help or general library questions, please reach out via Ask a Librarian.
At times, we may refer you to other campus centers that specialize in tutoring, academic writing, or career preparedness. For example, the Educational Resource Center (ERC) provides individual writing assistance, resources, specialized help with topics like presentation prep, and more. All ERC services are free and available to all BU students.
Phone: 617-353-7077
Address: 100 Bay State Rd., 5th Floor
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