City living isn’t good for a tree’s microbiome, study shows. Here’s what that means

Trees are home to all sorts of critters: birds, squirrels, frogs and more than a trillion teeny tiny microbes living in roots, bark and leaves. These fungi, bacteria and microorganisms play an important role in tree health; Beneficial microbes can help a tree take up nutrients or defend itself against disease.

But a new study in Nature Cities published Friday found that oak trees in Boston have a greater number of “bad” microbes, like pathogens and plant decomposers, than beneficial ones because of city stressors like heat and pollution. This disruption of the tree microbiome could spell trouble for the health of both trees and humans, according to the study’s authors.

New Hampshire’s snowpack is shrinking. Researchers are still uncovering the scope of what it means.

New England residents know that snow is disappearing from our landscape, and scientists have proven that climate change is to blame. But the effects of snowpack decline go far beyond what’s visible, and researchers working in the forests of New Hampshire and the Northeast are learning more about just how far the phenomenon stretches across seasons and landscapes. Their findings reveal how much tracking snow can tell us about the health of our forests and our world, and what is still to learn.

Too hot to learn: Why school heat is a growing problem

Teachers are increasingly trying to educate students in dangerously hot classrooms, often in old school buildings built to withstand cold weather rather than heat. Unicef says hundreds of millions of schoolchildren globally missed out on education in 2024 after heatwaves forced the closure of their schools. Low- and middle-income countries are the worst hit, especially in cities where the urban heat island effect drives temperatures even higher.

New ordinance requires steps to protect workers from extreme heat

For some workers in the city of Boston, a new ordinance passed by the City Council will mean better protection against extreme heat next summer. That local legislation requires the city of Boston and its contractors to develop a heat illness prevention plan that would include providing employees with opportunities to access shade, water and rest as well as to receive training on heat-related illness and develop response plans in case of emergency.

Researchers Partner with Nonprofits to Track Health Effects of Federal and State Environmental Policies

Since the start of 2025, the Trump administration has issued nearly 200 executive orders, including directives that have dramatically altered the trajectory of the country’s environmental policy, challenging climate-related initiatives and ending environmental justice programs. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has followed suit, attempting to roll back an array of environmental protections that the administration has deemed a burden to domestic oil, gas, and coal production. The agency has characterized these efforts as the “biggest deregulatory action in U.S. history.”

Cool Roofs or Urban Trees: Which Solution Is Best For Fighting Extreme Heat?

The temperature in an urban neighborhood with few trees can be more than 10 degrees Fahrenheit (5.5 Celsius) higher than in nearby suburbs. That means air conditioning works harder, straining the electrical grid and leaving communities vulnerable to power outages. There are some proven steps that cities can take to help cool the air – planting trees that provide shade and moisture, for example, or creating cool roofs that reflect solar energy away from the neighborhood rather than absorbing it. But do these steps pay off everywhere?

2 ways cities can beat the heat: Which is best, urban trees or cool roofs?

The temperature in an urban neighborhood with few trees can be more than 10 degrees Fahrenheit (5.5 Celsius) higher than in nearby suburbs. That means air conditioning works harder, straining the electrical grid and leaving communities vulnerable to power outages. There are some proven steps that cities can take to help cool the air – planting trees that provide shade and moisture, for example, or creating cool roofs that reflect solar energy away from the neighborhood rather than absorbing it. But do these steps pay off everywhere?

Geography meets urgency: Manchester hosts international Spatialising Urban Crisis Workshop

Convened by Dr Cristina Temenos, a UKRI Future Leaders Fellow based at The University of Manchester, the event took place in June and served as a dynamic forum for exchange at the intersection of academic research and real-world practice. Participants shared innovative approaches and strategies cities are adopting to address challenges ranging from climate disruption and social inequality to care infrastructure under strain.

Brink Bites: Prescribing Cheaper Energy Bills and the Bible’s Agricultural Connections

A BU Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine assistant professor of medicine, Goldman spoke on a panel focused on reducing climate change’s impact on Boston, along with fellow BU researchers, Lucy Hutyra, a College of Arts & Sciences Distinguished Professor and chair of Earth and environment, who talked about an urban cooling project, and Madeleine Scammell, a School of Public Health professor of environmental health, who discussed an effort to document city hot spots. All three are affiliated with the BU Institute for Global Sustainability, which has a full report on the summit.