Traveling Present-Day Géwëls: Changing Tradition and Performance Innovations from Senegal,
By Kaitlyn Anderson
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Abstract: This paper explores present-day, traveling griot performers from Senegal and how features of the griot tradition are changing because of the rise of social media and international collaborations. Drawing upon the semi-structured interviews I conducted independently in Dakar, this paper explores the narratives of six griots: Moustapha Ndiaye Rose, Seckou Keita, Lao Kouyate, Iliman Mbaye, Cheikh Fall, and Cheikh Mbacke Mboup. I use secondary literature to provide historical context of the griot tradition, how present-day griots are part of migration discourse between Senegal and Europe, as well as incorporate concepts such as cosmopolitanism and musical hybridizations. I discuss Pizzolato’s work on griot Lao Kouyate to discuss his experience living as part of the Senegalese diaspora in Italy. This paper articulates how the international and online fields of current griot performances influence both the traveling griot and key features of their tradition, such as adaptations to their instruments and at public events. While the rise of digital technology and migration has inspired innovation and greater visibility of griots who largely perform in cosmopolitan contexts, the rise of social media platforms has changed the roles of griots as community liaisons who make announcements at public events. The discussion section identifies some of the consequences griots face in adapting their styles for international audiences. The present-day, traveling griots in this paper use their performances as opportunities to discuss their personal migration experiences, fuse and experiment with new musical styles, and expand their social networks, both globally and virtually. Despite critiques from global audiences who argue that traveling griots too often capitulate to global and commercial audiences, this paper demonstrates that individuals such as Seckou Keita and Cheikh Mbacke Mboup actively strive to merge musical techniques and create inventive fusions that are critical for their livelihoods as travelers and performers.