122
PARTISAN REVIEW
The fact is th a t Ca rrill o, a ft er hav in g tri ed and expe lled J o rge
Semprlll1 a nd hi s fri end Fern an co Cla udin from th e Spani sh Commun–
ist Pa n y. lea rn ed hi s own lesson without a n y need for self- cr iti cism a nd
witho ut rein sta tin g th e two men , as is frequentl y th e case in the
CO!llmuni st wo rld . Lilli e hy littl e h e a bando ned wha t coul d be ca ll ed
hi s ideo logica l optimism , whi ch h ad ma rred a ll hi s stra tegy in Spa in
a nd furth ermo re h ad depended heav il y on Moscow 's po liti ca l interes ts,
a nd he lea rn ed no t to un deres tima te hi s enem y. the Fra nco regime.
It
was a lesson lea rned th ro ugh ma n y yea rs o f cl andes tine struggle,
and , fo r thi s very reason , has le 's ho ld over the young leaders o f Pan ido
Socia li sta Obrero Es pano l (PSO E), the Spani sh Socia li st Workers'
Pa rt y headed by Felipe Gonza lez. T hi s is o ne o f the present causes o f
the fr ict ion in the Spani sh Left. T he Communi st Pa n y tends to act
\\' ith much grea ter cau ti on th an the Socia lists a nd a t the same ti me tri es
to prevent th e Soc ia li sts from ge llin g a mo re dynami c, o r one mi ght say
)'c\'( )llIti on a ry, image, amo ng th e lowe! classes a nd the youn g peopl e.
Felipe Gonzalez., who has imposed a modera te pa rty line, in direct
cont act w ith Eu ropean Socia l Democracy, understands Ca rrill o 's
preca uti on s very we ll , but among hi s p a n y's militants th ere is a gen era l
a ir o f impa ti en ce sim il ar to tha t whi ch fi ni shed by slow ly undo ing the
Chi lean Socia list Pa n y from the beginnin g o f All ende's government.
The
e~senti a l
di ffe nce between the Sp a ni sh and Chil ean (or POrLugese)
!> itua ti on li es in th e eurocommuni st pos iti on s o f Carrill o's pan y.
These. a nd the firm intenti on of th e King and o f Ado lfo Suarez to
tra nsfo rm Spa in int o a Eu ropea n style democracy, a nd to end the
po liti cal a nd economi c iso la ti on o f th e Fra nco yea rs, have made
poss ible a mo re o r less gen era l consen sus in favo r of the democra tiza–
tio n o f Spa in covering th e po liti ca l spectrum from th e Mon arch y to the
COIll11luni sts. Recen tly, fo r exampl e. Carrill o revea led th a t over a yea r
ago, a t th e ti me wh en he had entered th e coulllr)' cl andes tinel y, he held
a
~eCl'(' t
meetin g w ith Ado lfo Suarez th a t con vin ced him of Sua rez's
, in cl'1'e \\'ish to ca rry th rough th e p rocess of democra ti la ti on .
The lates t ep isode in the p rogress of thi s con sen sus in favor of
democracy in Spain is the Pacts of La Moncl oa (the p res identi a l
pa lace ), in whi ch the government has o bt a in ed th e o ppos iti o n 's
;lgn '('melll to its pl an s for economi c stab iliza ti on , in exch ange fo r
certain reforms a imed a t extendin g the p rocess o f democra ti z.a tion ,
es p('( ia ll y as regards taxes, socia l security, a nd po liti ca l contro l o ver
radi o a nd tel evi sio n . TTowevef, the op timism tha t preva il ed at the
n'n '!llo n y of the sign a ture o f th e Pacts o f La Moncl oa di d no t las t lo ng.
Difficlilti es arose a lmost immed ia tely, as each pa n y seemed determined
