Heine Discusses South Africa’s Active Non-Alignment Policy and Potential Trump Presidency
Ambassador Jorge Heine, Research Professor at Boston University’s Frederick S. Pardee School of Global Studies, appeared on Peter Bruce’s “Podcast from the Edge” to discuss South Africa’s “active non-alignment” foreign policy approach and the potential global impact of a second Trump presidency.
In the podcast, Heine explains the concept of active non-alignment, which he developed with colleagues for the Latin American context. He discusses how this approach has spread across the Global South, including South Africa, particularly since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
Heine highlights the difference between traditional non-alignment and active non-alignment, noting that the latter is proactive rather than defensive and reflects the increased economic power of Global South countries compared to the 1950s and 60s.
The diplomat addresses South Africa’s stance on global conflicts, including its response to the Russia-Ukraine war and the Israel-Gaza situation. He argues that active non-alignment allows countries to prioritize their own interests and navigate an uncertain international system in transition.
Heine expresses concern about the emergence of a second Cold War between the US and China. He emphasizes the need for countries to maintain relations with both powers, rather than aligning exclusively with one side.
Regarding a potential second Trump presidency, Heine voices serious concerns. He predicts that Trump would “double down on the protectionism, isolationism, and chauvinism that marked his first term,” but with more experience in managing the government. Heine anticipates further U.S. withdrawal from international agreements and organizations, similar to Trump’s first-term actions, such as leaving the Paris Accord, Trans-Pacific Partnership, and World Health Organization.
Heine argues that a Trump presidency would also strengthen the case for active non-alignment. He advises that countries in the Global South should resist increased pressure to break ties with China and Russia and instead maintain open channels of communication with all great powers.
The diplomat warns that a Trump presidency could accelerate the decline of the International Liberal Order, too, particularly in terms of free trade. He points out the irony that China has become the world’s biggest champion of free trade, while Trump proposes significant tariffs on imports.
Ambassador Jorge Heine is a Research Professor at the Pardee School of Global Studies at Boston University. He has served as ambassador of Chile to China (2014-2017), to India (2003-2007), and to South Africa (1994-1999), and as a Cabinet Minister in the Chilean Government. Read more about Ambassador Heine on his Pardee School faculty profile.