Research Interests: Work in the Ziegler Group pioneered a number of frequency domain spectroscopic techniques (UV resonance Raman, resonance rotational Raman, resonance hyper-Raman spectroscopy) and helped establish various time domain methodologies in the visible and UV as applied to studies of chemical, biological and materials systems. Current investigations also incorporate Ultrafast studies of some novel semiconductor materials including ; ZnO single crystals (with Enrico Bellotti), Si nanocrystals (with Luca Dal Negro), GaN thin films (with Ted Moustakas), single walled carbon nanotubes (with Anna Swan). Transmission and reflection pump-probe and photon echo measurements are used to learn about the earliest electronic relaxation properties in these materials.