{"id":73921,"date":"2020-10-20T09:39:33","date_gmt":"2020-10-20T13:39:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/?post_type=bu-article&#038;p=73921"},"modified":"2022-07-26T12:31:58","modified_gmt":"2022-07-26T16:31:58","slug":"don-calloway-the-fight-for-fair-elections","status":"publish","type":"bu-article","link":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/record\/articles\/2020\/don-calloway-the-fight-for-fair-elections\/","title":{"rendered":"The Fight for Fair Elections"},"content":{"rendered":"\t<div class=\"wp-block-editorial-leadin record-block-editorial-leadin is-style-side-by-side has-media has-wider has-box has-media-focus-center-middle has-secondary-theme\">\n\t\t<div class=\"container-lockup\">\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-leadin-media\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<img width=\"1200\" height=\"1500\" src=\"\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway.jpg\" class=\"\" alt=\"Don Calloway\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-509x636.jpg 509w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-819x1024.jpg 819w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-768x960.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-661x826.jpg 661w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-546x682.jpg 546w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-826x1032.jpg 826w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-1057x1321.jpg 1057w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-275x344.jpg 275w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-423x529.jpg 423w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-550x688.jpg 550w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-846x1058.jpg 846w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-1091x1364.jpg 1091w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/don-calloway-800x1000.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"container-words-outer\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"container-words-inner\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"wp-prepress-tag\">Election<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"head\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe Fight for Fair Elections\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"deck\">Don Calloway, founder of the National Voter Protection Action Fund, combats voter suppression at the polls and through policy.<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-prepress-component-metabar js-block-editorial-metabar record-prepress-layout-metabar\">\n\t<div class=\"wp-prepress-component-metabar-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-prepress-component-metabar-date\">October 20, 2020<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-prepress-component-metabar-credits\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul data-credit-type=\"By\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/record\/authors\/lauren-eckenroth\/\">Lauren Eckenroth<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-prepress-component-metabar-share js-bu-prepress-share-tools\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"icon-twitter\"><span>Twitter<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"icon-facebook\"><span>Facebook<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"icon-action\"><\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-editorial-introparagraph record-block-editorial-introparagraph is-style-dropcap-boxed has-dropcap has-dropcap-color-secondary\"><div class=\"wp-block-editorial-introparagraph-content\"><p>At any other time, Don Calloway (\u201905) would spend the months before a national election traveling around the country reviewing voter protection plans with grassroots organizations, ACLU chapter directors, community groups, and others.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhat is [this plan] trying to do? How is this going to help? How does this work with local election rules in Milwaukee, Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, or Atlanta?\u201d he asks. \u201cAnd what can we do to make sure this plan is as effective as possible, and that people have access to the franchise?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The COVID-19 pandemic has altered his schedule somewhat, but as founder of the National Voter Protection Action Fund (NVPAF), a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization that works at the state and local level to combat voter suppression and expand access to the ballot box, Calloway still has plenty to do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Twofold Strategy for Voter Protection<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Founded in 2018, the NVPAF\u2019s strategy is twofold: In election years, they work with established organizations as well as grassroots groups planning voter protection activities. They target states with a history of voter suppression and with upcoming contested elections that may trigger suppression activity. For the 2020 election cycle, the organization has homed in on Georgia, Missouri, and Wisconsin. They consult on voter protection plans and offer grants fueled by microfunding campaigns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIf folks are organizing rides to the polls, training poll watchers, or even buying snacks for people who are standing in line for four or five hours waiting to vote, we are with them and want to give these people grants,\u201d he says. \u201cAnything that\u2019s going on to tear down barriers to vote.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While changes to voting procedures\u2014many implemented in the name of public health (sometimes with dubious justifications and <a href=\"https:\/\/fivethirtyeight.com\/features\/north-carolina-is-already-rejecting-black-voters-mail-in-ballots-more-often-than-white-voters\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">inequitable consequences<\/a>)\u2014have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scotusblog.com\/election-litigation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">prompted hundreds of lawsuits across the country<\/a>, that advocacy, which plays out through federal courts, is beyond the scope of the NVPAF. \u201cWe are funding election protection plans and working on model bills for state voting rights policy,\u201d Calloway says. \u201cThere are other organizations, the Lawyers Committee on Civil Rights and the NAACP Legal Defense Fund, that are great at that, and we leave it to them.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In off-cycle years, Calloway works with state legislatures, city and county councils, and third-party organizations to promote voter protection policies that will expand or create early voting periods, defeat voter ID requirements, declare Election Day a holiday, and implement county-wide balloting initiatives so residents can vote at any polling place in their area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-bu-buniverse record-block-bu-buniverse alignwide wp-block-global-buniverse\"><div class=\"wp-block-global-buniverse-wrapper\"><iframe src=\"\/\/www.bu.edu\/buniverse\/interface\/embed\/embed.html?v=Us1Dv0&amp;jsapi=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen\" title=\"The Fight for Fair Elections\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThat policy is where a lot of the voter protection and anti-suppression work happens.\u201d he says. \u201cIn the run up to an election, you see a lot of folks are paying more attention to voter suppression and asking how to fight it. Well, that battle is won or lost in the two years preceding an election, because suppression is baked into the process by policy.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A key to expanding access, Calloway notes, is to make Election Day a paid day off. If the mayor of a city declares Election Day a holiday for its 20,000 employees and also partners with private-sector employers to persuade them to do the same, it gives those people a guaranteed window in which they can cast their ballot without the risk of missing work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIf you are an hourly wage worker, or if you do not have sufficient paid time off, then having to appear at your specific polling place between 7am and 6pm is akin to a poll tax, because it costs you money to be able to vote,\u201d he says. \u201cAnd a lot of people make the decision that it&#8217;s just not worth it for them.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Beyond the single day off, Calloway promotes expanded early voting periods to give people more opportunities to participate in elections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe should not be talking about Election Day; we should be talking about an election week or even an election period that culminates in Election Day,\u201d he says. \u201cThere\u2019s no evidentiary basis to suggest that early voting creates an opportunity for more fraud.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>An Early Pull to Public Service<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Growing up near St. Louis, Missouri, Calloway felt a pull toward public service and advocacy early in his career. After three years in a big law practice following his graduation from BU Law, he won a seat in the Missouri House of Representatives. \u201cIn the communities I lived in, in the barber shops and the churches, I saw that I was the only lawyer that these people knew or had access to. And I felt like I should be using my time to support the communities I was from,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When his term was up, Calloway ran for a state senate seat, but lost that race. Wanting to stay in government and political advocacy, he joined the public affairs practice at Anheuser Busch\u2014his \u201chometown mom-and-pop brewery\u201d\u2014working at first on the state and local level before moving to Washington, DC to work nationally. The position gave him \u201ca foundation in advocacy\u201d and taught him the legislative process on the state and federal level, but he felt pulled back to serve the \u201cgreater good.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI distinctly remember, in August 2014, I was having a great time in DC, when my high school classmate, Lezley McSpadden, sent me a message on a Saturday afternoon,\u201d he says. \u201cIt was one of those instances where I was the only lawyer she knew. She sent me a note and said, \u2018Look at what the police have done to my son.\u2019 I&#8217;m from a somewhat sleepy, predominantly African American hamlet of St. Louis called Ferguson and Lezley McSpadden\u2019s son was Michael Brown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI watched from 2,000 miles away while this pivotal moment\u2014not only for my neighborhood, but for the world\u2014happened,\u201d he says. \u201cHad I won that state senate race, I would certainly have been on the ground, in the middle of it all.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wanting to help his hometown through that difficult time, Calloway spent the next two years advising federal stakeholders, law enforcement stakeholders, the Department of Justice, and people on the ground in St. Louis. He became a bridge between investigatory authorities in Washington, DC, the corporate community that wanted to be involved and understand the moment, and the activist community\u2014the clergy and people who wanted to be part of the solution in St. Louis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Out of that work grew his own public advocacy firm, Pine Street Strategies, which launched in 2016 with the mission of guiding organizational strategy and American policy toward equity. The firm serves corporate clients, like Anheuser Busch, that seek to understand how they can be better corporate citizens while still achieving their business goals, as well as nonprofits like the Environmental Defense Fund, Campaign Zero, and the NAACP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In building up that practice, he and his team began seeing the \u201cuniform and nationwide\u201d barriers that prevent people from voting. He decided to launch the National Voter Protection Action Fund.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bu-pullquote record-block-bu-pullquote alignwide is-style- has-image-focus-center-middle has-secondary-theme\"><div class=\"wp-block-bu-pullquote-inner\"><figure><\/figure><blockquote><div class=\"container-lockup\"><div class=\"container-icon-outer\"><div class=\"container-icon-inner\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"container-text\"><hr\/><div class=\"quote-sizing\">If folks are organizing rides to the polls, training poll watchers, or even buying snacks for people who are standing in line for four or five hours waiting to vote, we are with them &#8230; Anything that\u2019s going on to tear down barriers to vote.<\/div><footer class=\"caption\">Don Calloway (&#8217;05)<\/footer><hr\/><\/div><\/div><\/blockquote><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Voter Protection and the Presidential Election<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>As the novel coronavirus spread in the spring, many states holding primaries were unprepared for the increase in requests for vote-by-mail (also known as absentee) ballots, and many ballots either did not arrive in voters\u2019 homes in time to be mailed back and counted or did not arrive at all. States like <a href=\"https:\/\/healthyelections.org\/state-updates\/wisconsin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wisconsin<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/healthyelections.org\/state-updates\/georgia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Georgia<\/a> saw hours-long lines at polling places; <a href=\"https:\/\/healthyelections.org\/state-updates\/ohio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ohio rescheduled its primary at the last minute<\/a>, creating confusion and likely depressing voter turnout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As the summer, and the pandemic, wore on, states with later primaries <a href=\"https:\/\/healthyelections.org\/state-updates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">sought to make last-minute changes to voting procedures<\/a> in order to safeguard public health by extending registration deadlines and expanding early voting. Many states are encouraging voters to mail in their ballots, despite <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/virus-outbreak-election-2020-ap-fact-check-elections-voting-fraud-and-irregularities-8c5db90960815f91f39fe115579570b4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">sustained\u2014and unfounded\u2014warnings<\/a> from the president that voting by mail leads to election fraud. In August, the president <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/08\/13\/us\/politics\/trump-postal-service-mail-voting.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">suggested he might withhold Postal Service funding<\/a>, which, paired with operational changes that exacerbated mail delays over the summer, prompted congressional hearings and a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scotusblog.com\/election-litigation\/washington-v-trump\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">federal ruling<\/a> blocking any further changes in process until after the November general election.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Others states have closed polling places and <a href=\"https:\/\/healthyelections.org\/state-updates\/texas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">eliminated ballot drop-offs<\/a>. These practices, which <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/news\/civil-liberties\/block-the-vote-voter-suppression-in-2020\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">disproportionately impact Black voters, young and elderly voters, and voters with disabilities<\/a>, may be positioned as responses to the coronavirus pandemic, but, Calloway notes, they are not new.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe coronavirus presents us all with an extraordinary set of challenges that we could not have been prepared for, on a very practical level\u2014didn&#8217;t budget for, don&#8217;t have plans for, don&#8217;t know how to address\u2014and that is without tampering with the Postal Service,\u201d Calloway says. But from the last presidential election to today, Calloway stresses that no federal policy has changed that would have strengthened voter protections. (The Senate has failed to bring to a vote the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/116th-congress\/house-bill\/4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">December 2019 bill<\/a> passed by the House of Representatives that would have reinstated the requirement\u2014stripped from the Voting Rights Act of 1965 in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oyez.org\/cases\/2012\/12-96\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Shelby v. Holder<\/em> (2013)<\/a>\u2014that states with a history of voter suppression must notify Congress before changing their voting rules.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Faced with the lack of federal voter protection rules, Calloway and the NVPAF continue to work state by state with activists and organizers to get people to the polls and to focus attention during off-cycle years on local policies that will expand the franchise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-end-of-article\">\u201cThere is a defined playbook for voter suppression. But there&#8217;s also a defined playbook for voter protection. It&#8217;s just that we as individuals tend to not focus on the policy during the off years, and that&#8217;s where the game is won or lost,\u201d he says. \u201cThe war is won in peacetime.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\t<section class=\"wp-block-editorial-collection-billboard record-block-editorial-collection-billboard\">\n\n\t\t<h3 class=\"collection-billboard-intro-title\">This Series<\/h3>\n\t\t<article class=\"collection-billboard-article\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"collection-billboard-media\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"collection-navigation-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img width=\"804\" height=\"865\" src=\"\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/Ohio_counties_map.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Ohio counties map\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/Ohio_counties_map.png 804w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/Ohio_counties_map-591x636.png 591w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/Ohio_counties_map-768x826.png 768w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/Ohio_counties_map-634x682.png 634w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/Ohio_counties_map-320x344.png 320w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/Ohio_counties_map-492x529.png 492w, https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/files\/2020\/10\/Ohio_counties_map-639x688.png 639w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 804px) 100vw, 804px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"collection-billboard-media-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/record\/articles\/2020\/gretchen-bennett-ohio-primary\/\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"collection-billboard-media-title-link\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>A Chaotic Primary<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"collection-billboard-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"collection-billboard-small-title\">Also in<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"collection-billboard-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\t\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/record\/collections\/voting-in-2020\/\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"collection-billboard-title-link\"\n\t\t\t\t\t>Voting in 2020<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"collection-billboard-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"collection-billboard-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"collection-billboard-list-item-article\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"collection-billboard-list-item-article-date\">October 31, 2024<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"collection-billboard-list-item-article-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/record\/articles\/2024\/politically-inclined\/\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"collection-card-article-title-link\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t>Politically Inclined<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"collection-billboard-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"collection-billboard-list-item-article\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"collection-billboard-list-item-article-date\">March 3, 2020<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"collection-billboard-list-item-article-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/record\/articles\/2020\/securing-the-vote\/\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"collection-card-article-title-link\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t>Securing the Vote<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\t\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/law\/record\/collections\/voting-in-2020\/\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"collection-billboard-link\"\n\t\t\t\t\t>Series home<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/article>\n\n\t<\/section>\n\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>At any other time, Don Calloway (\u201905) would spend the months before a national election traveling around the country reviewing voter protection plans with grassroots organizations, ACLU chapter directors, community groups, and others. 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