{"id":4034,"date":"2016-08-17T16:26:40","date_gmt":"2016-08-17T20:26:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/?page_id=4034"},"modified":"2026-06-15T11:12:40","modified_gmt":"2026-06-15T15:12:40","slug":"phd","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/biology-graduate-program\/phd\/","title":{"rendered":"Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Biology"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a id=\"top\"><\/a><span>The PhD in Biology is a research degree requiring graduate-level coursework, completion of a dissertation, and two semesters of participation in teaching (usually as a teaching fellow in laboratory or discussion sections of lecture courses led by Biology faculty). For most students, obtaining this degree typically involves five or more years of full-time study. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A summary of Biology PhD student expectations by year can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/phd-expectations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a>. Full details can be found in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/biology-graduate-program\/graduate-program-guide\/\">Graduate Program Guide<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>The Biology Department guarantees support for five years for all PhD students, contingent on satisfactory performance in the program.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"button button-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/biology-graduate-program\/apply-grad\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">How to Apply<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<a class=\"button button-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/biology-graduate-program\/apply-grad\/#faq\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"bu_collapsible_container \" aria-live=\"polite\" data-customize-animation=\"false\"><h5 class=\"bu_collapsible\" aria-expanded=\"false\"tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Learning Outcomes<\/h5><div class=\"bu_collapsible_section\" style=\"display: none;\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1. Demonstrate academic mastery<\/strong><\/span> in one of three areas of Biology: Ecology, Behavior &amp; Evolution; Neurobiology; or Cellular &amp; Molecular Biology.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2. Attain research expertise<\/strong><\/span>, including grant writing experience, and complete original research that advances a specific field of study within one of three broad subject areas represented in the department: Ecology, Behavior &amp; Evolution; Neurobiology; or Cellular &amp; Molecular Biology.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>3. Attain teaching experience and expertise<\/strong><\/span> in one of three broad areas of Biology: Ecology, Behavior &amp; Evolution; Neurobiology; or Cellular &amp; Molecular Biology.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>4. Attain the skills and qualifications<\/strong><\/span> needed for employment in an academic, government, or private sector position related to the life sciences.<\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bu_collapsible_container \" aria-live=\"polite\" data-customize-animation=\"false\"><h5 class=\"bu_collapsible\" aria-expanded=\"false\"tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Coursework Requirements<\/h5><div class=\"bu_collapsible_section\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><span>Students must complete 64 credits with a minimum grade point average of 3.0; at least 32 of these credits must be accrued from lecture, laboratory, or seminar courses. Students with prior graduate work may be able to transfer course credits.\u00a0<\/span><span><\/span><span>See the\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/policies\/transfer-of-credits\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Graduate School of Arts &amp; Sciences (GRS) Transfer of Credits policy<\/a><span>\u00a0for more details.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: #000000;\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2 semesters of Progress in Research Seminars <\/strong><\/span>(2 credits each):<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Cell &amp; Molecular Biology:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-583\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BI 583<\/a> &amp; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-584\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BI 584<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Ecology, Behavior &amp; Evolution: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-579\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BI 579<\/a> &amp; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-580\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BI 580<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">Neurobiology: \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/cas\/courses\/cas-bi-533\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BI 533<\/a> &amp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/cas\/courses\/cas-bi-534\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BI 534<\/a><\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: #000000;\">\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1 course with a grant writing component<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1 semester pedagogy course <\/strong><\/span>(1 credit): All Biology PhD students take\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-697\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BI 697<\/a><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1 quantitative course <\/strong><\/span>(3\u20134 credits):\u00a0from a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/quant-courses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">list of recommended courses<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Additional courses<\/strong><\/span> vary by specific track below:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Cell &amp; Molecular Biology<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">1. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-791\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CAS BI 791\/CAS BI 792 Graduate Rotation Credits<\/a> (2 credits each\/4 credits total)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">2. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-753\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CAS BI 753 Advanced Molecular Biology<\/a>\u00a0(4 credits)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">3. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-mb-721\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GRS MB 721 Graduate Biochemistry<\/a>\u00a0(4 credits)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">4. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-735\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CAS BI 735 Advanced Cell Biology<\/a>\u00a0(4 credits)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">5. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/biology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Two electives<\/a> (8 credits, 500-level and above), see the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/grad-guide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Graduate Program Guide<\/a> for recommendations<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">6. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-925\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Research credits, CAS BI 925\/CAS BI 926<\/a>\u00a0(remaining credits)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Ecology, Behavior &amp; Evolution<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">1. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/biology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Six electives<\/a>\u00a0(24 credits, 500-level and above), see the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/grad-guide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Graduate Program Guide<\/a> for recommendations<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">2. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-911\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Research credits, CAS BI 911\/CAS BI 912<\/a>\u00a0(remaining credits)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">Ecology, Behavior &amp; Evolution PhD candidate coursework is highly variable. Students, in consultation with advisors, develop a plan of coursework and research. Students are required to take a minimum of 32 credits of coursework. The remainder of the credits should be research.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Neurobiology<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">1. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-791\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CAS BI 791\/CAS BI 792 Graduate Rotation Credits<\/a> (2 credits each\/4 credits total)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">2. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-755\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CAS BI 755 Cellular and Systems Neuroscience<\/a>\u00a0(4 credits)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">3. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-741\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CAS BI 741 Neural Systems: Functional Circuit Analysis<\/a>\u00a0(4 credits)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">4. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/biology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Four electives<\/a>\u00a0(16 credits, 500-level and above), see the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/grad-guide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Graduate Program Guide<\/a> for recommendations<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">5. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-939\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Research credits, CAS BI 939\/CAS BI 940<\/a>\u00a0(remaining credits)<\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bu_collapsible_container \" aria-live=\"polite\" data-customize-animation=\"false\"><h5 class=\"bu_collapsible\" aria-expanded=\"false\"tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Teaching Requirement<\/h5><div class=\"bu_collapsible_section\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p>The department requires a minimum of two semesters of teaching as part of the Doctor of Philosophy program. During the first semester of teaching, students are required to enroll in our first-year seminar course, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/courses\/cas-bi-697\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CAS BI 697 A Bridge to Knowledge<\/a>. The course provides guidance and training on pedagogy and other aspects of graduate school.<\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bu_collapsible_container \" aria-live=\"polite\" data-customize-animation=\"false\"><h5 class=\"bu_collapsible\" aria-expanded=\"false\"tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Qualifying Examination<\/h5><div class=\"bu_collapsible_section\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><span>The qualifying examination must be completed no later than six semesters after matriculation. In most graduate curricula in the department, this consists of a research proposal\u2014often in the form of a grant application\u2014which the student submits to their committee and subsequently defends in an oral presentation. In the\u00a0<\/span><span>Cell &amp; Molecular Biology and Ecology, Behavior &amp; Evolution curricula<\/span><span><\/span><span>, this is preceded by a comprehensive written examination testing the student\u2019s general background from coursework.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bu_collapsible_container \" aria-live=\"polite\" data-customize-animation=\"false\"><h5 class=\"bu_collapsible\" aria-expanded=\"false\"tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Dissertation &amp; Final Oral Examination<\/h5><div class=\"bu_collapsible_section\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><span>Candidates shall demonstrate their abilities for independent study in a dissertation representing original research or creative scholarship. A prospectus for the dissertation must be completed and approved by the readers, the Director of Graduate Studies, and the Biology Department Chair. Candidates must undergo a final oral examination in which they defend their dissertation as a valuable contribution to knowledge in their field and demonstrate a mastery of their field of specialization in relation to their dissertation. All portions of the dissertation and final oral examination must be completed as outlined in the\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/academics\/grs\/programs\/phd-degree-requirements\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GRS General Requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree<\/a><span>. The results of the dissertation must be presented at a department colloquium.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bu_collapsible_container \" aria-live=\"polite\" data-customize-animation=\"false\"><h5 class=\"bu_collapsible\" aria-expanded=\"false\"tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Graduation Timeline<\/h5><div class=\"bu_collapsible_section\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"timeline\"><\/a>Forms and additional information about PhD graduation can be found on the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/cas\/current-students\/phd-mfa-students\/graduation-information\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GRS website<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>9 &#8211; 12 months before proposed graduation date<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">\n<li>Dissertation Prospectus &amp; approval form due to Graduate Program Specialist for departmental review and submission to GRS<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Semester prior to your intended graduation cycle<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/cas\/academics\/phd-and-mfa-academics\/graduation-information\/intent-to-graduate-form-for-phd-students\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Intent to Graduate Form<\/a> completed online<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>About 2 months before dissertation defense<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">\n<li>Meet with Graduate Program Specialist, Director of Graduate Studies, and Faculty Advisor to review requirements for defense<\/li>\n<li>Arrange for Special Service Appointments if committee members are not BU faculty<\/li>\n<li>Send first draft of dissertation to readers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Once defense date is confirmed with committee<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">\n<li>Reserve room(s) for public seminar and defense<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>At least three weeks prior to dissertation defense<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">\n<li>Schedule of Final Oral Exam with Abstract Approval due to GRS<\/li>\n<li>Properly formatted draft of dissertation submitted as PDF to <a href=\"mailto:grsrec@bu.edu\">grsrec@bu.edu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>At least two weeks prior to dissertation defense<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">\n<li>Send dissertation to all committee members<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>At least one week prior to dissertation defense<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">\n<li>Send program information to Graduate Program Specialist<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>See the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/grad-guide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Graduate Program Guide<\/a> for final dates to submit dissertation to ETD<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 90px;\">\n<li>Submit final dissertation to ETD (online submission)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/library\/grs-dissertations-docusign\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Complete electronic signature page<\/a> and forward confirmation to Graduate Program Specialist along with a copy of your submitted dissertation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bu_collapsible_container \" aria-live=\"polite\" data-customize-animation=\"false\"><h5 class=\"bu_collapsible\" aria-expanded=\"false\"tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">MS Degree (En Route to PhD)<\/h5><div class=\"bu_collapsible_section\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>Option one:<\/strong> A PhD student who has advanced to candidacy (as demonstrated by passing the PhD qualifying exam), and has completed 32 credits of graduate-level coursework (not including research) may apply to the Graduate School for an MS degree in Biology. This must be approved by the Director of Graduate Studies within the Biology Department. The student\u2019s major professor will receive notification of this application process.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Option two:<\/strong> A PhD student who has taken, but has not advanced to candidacy based on the PhD qualifying examination, may still receive an MS degree. This student may receive a Coursework MS degree provided they have completed 32 credits of coursework (not including research credits). Alternatively, this student may receive a Scholarly Paper or Research Thesis MS degree if the written portion of the qualifying examination is adapted to ensure it is of sufficiently high quality for a MS degree, and approved by a majority of the qualifying exam committee and the Director of Graduate Studies.<\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bu_collapsible_container \" aria-live=\"polite\" data-customize-animation=\"false\"><h5 class=\"bu_collapsible\" aria-expanded=\"false\"tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Interdisciplinary Study Options<\/h5><div class=\"bu_collapsible_section\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p>Biology PhD students have the option to participate in the <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/urban\/about\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Boston University Graduate Program in Urban Biogeoscience and Environmental Health<\/a> (BU URBAN), the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/neurophotonics-nrt\/trainee-info\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Science Foundation Research Traineeship Program Understanding the Brain: Neurophotonics<\/a> (NSF NRT UtB: Neurophotonics), and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/bio-geo\/ph-d-certificate-program\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Biogeoscience Advanced Graduate Certificate Program<\/a>. These programs require separate applications in addition to the standard Biology PhD application; those interested in BU URBAN are encouraged <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/urban\/apply\/bu-urban-cluster\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pre-apply<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bu_collapsible_container \" aria-live=\"polite\" data-customize-animation=\"false\"><h5 class=\"bu_collapsible\" aria-expanded=\"false\"tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Time Limits<\/h5><div class=\"bu_collapsible_section\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p>Officially, the PhD must be completed within seven years after the first registration for doctoral study. PhD degrees are conferred in either May, August, or January, as specified on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/cas\/current-students\/phd-mfa-students\/graduation-information\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GRS website<\/a>. In addition, the PhD candidacy expires after the fifth anniversary of passing the Qualifying Examination. Petitions to extend this deadline are possible at the discretion of the Director of Graduate Studies, the Department Chair, and the Dean of the Graduate School, and can be obtained from the Office of the Graduate School of Arts &amp; Sciences.<\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bu_collapsible_container \" aria-live=\"polite\" data-customize-animation=\"false\"><h5 class=\"bu_collapsible\" aria-expanded=\"false\"tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Funding<\/h5><div class=\"bu_collapsible_section\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>The Biology Department guarantees support for up to five years <\/strong><\/span>for all PhD students, contingent on satisfactory performance in the program.\u00a0PhD students are encouraged to apply for fellowships and grants at funding agencies. All domestic students should apply for NSF Graduate Research Fellowships in the Fall semester of their first or second year.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Travel Grants<\/strong><\/span> may be available to assist students in their travel to professional scientific meetings; students presenting papers or posters on their research will receive first consideration.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Other Common Types of Funding: <\/strong><\/span>Please see the <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/cas\/admissions\/phd-mfa\/fellowship-aid\/aid-for-phd-students\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Graduate School of Arts &amp; Sciences website<\/a> <\/span>for additional information.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to the above funding sources, several competitive <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/biology-graduate-program\/biology-graduate-student-awards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Department awards and fellowships<\/a> are available to graduate students in the Department of Biology.<\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#top\">Back to Top<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The PhD in Biology is a research degree requiring graduate-level coursework, completion of a dissertation, and two semesters of participation in teaching (usually as a teaching fellow in laboratory or discussion sections of lecture courses led by Biology faculty). For most students, obtaining this degree typically involves five or more years of full-time study. A [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10876,"featured_media":0,"parent":5391,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4034"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10876"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4034"}],"version-history":[{"count":50,"href":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4034\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23263,"href":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4034\/revisions\/23263"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5391"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/biology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}