Key symptoms of panic disorder are the recurrence of panic attacks and the persistent concern or worry that an attack will lead to more attacks, physical harm, or psychological harm. A panic attack is defined as an episode of intense fear and unease and includes both physical symptoms and fearful thoughts. Common panic attack symptoms include a “pounding” heart as well as feeling sweaty, weak, faint, or dizzy. Panic attacks are not caused by medical conditions or health problems and can occur any time.

Not everyone who experiences panic attacks will develop panic disorder. For example, there are many people who experience one panic attack but never have another attack. However, for people who do experience repeated attacks and may have panic disorder, it is important to seek treatment as the disorder can become very disabling if untreated. Specifically, panic disorder may contribute to the development of other anxious and depressive disorders when left untreated.

This avoidance of places or situations where panic attacks have occurred may come to greatly restrict one’s life.  Individuals may avoid normal, everyday activities such as school, driving, or in some cases even leaving the house. Or, they may be able to confront a feared situation only if accompanied by a parent or other trusted person. Many people report avoiding situations where they would feel helpless should a panic attack occur. When people's lives become restricted by the disorder, the condition is called agoraphobia and occurs in approximately 1/3 of those with panic disorder.  However, early treatment of panic disorder can often stop the progression to agoraphobia.