Institute for the Classical Tradition
ANRW II.19.2, pp. 487-579
 
Rabbinic Anthropology
by Emero Stiegman, Halifax, Canada

Contents

I. Preliminary Considerations 488

1. Character of the Sources

488

2. Method

491

3. The Rabbis

492
II. Anthropology 493

1. The Caution against Speculation

493

2. Exaggerated Caution

495
III. Man's Origin 497

1. In the Beginning

498

2. The World as Environment

499

3. Creation of Man

501

A. Microcosm

502

B. Image of God

502

C. Macroanthropos

503

4. Providence

504

5. God's Nearness and Distance

505

6. Election as Origin

506
IV. Man's Nature and Condition 508

1. Human Nature: The Experience of Dividedness

508

A. Duality in the Bible

512

B. Body

515

a) Birth and Creation

515

b) Sexuality

516

c) Attitude Toward the Body

519

C. Soul

521

a) Moment of Creation

521

b) Immortality

522

c) Pre-existence

522

2. Human Condition

523

A. Freedom

523

a) Providence and Freedom

523

b) Impulse and Freedom

525

B. Sin

527

a) Death and Sin

527

b) Repentance and Atonement

529

c) Reward and Punishment

531

C. Suffering

532
V. Man's Destiny 533

1. The Kingdom of God

534

A. The Invisible Kingdom

534

B. The Universal, Visible Kingdom

535

C. The National, Visible Kingdom

536

2. The Torah

537

A. Wisdom and Torah

538

B. Letter and Spirit

540

3. Learning and Action

544

A. The Torah as Supreme Value

544

B. The Goal of Wisdom

545

a) Domestic Life

546

b) Socio-Economic Life

548

C. The Question of Asceticism

551

D. The Question of Mysticism

553

4. Human Solidarity

555

A. Unity of the Chosen People

556

B. Evolution of the Individual

558

C. Election as Destiny

559

5. The End of History and Beyond

561

A. The Angel of Death

563

B. Messianic Hope

563

C. Resurrection

565

D. World to Come

566

E. Judgment

567

F. Gehinnom and Gan Eden

568
VI. After the Talmud 570

1. New Needs, New Forms

570

2. Vigor of the Pharisaic Principle

572
VII. Conclusion 573
Bibliography 575

1. Rabbinic Sources

575

2. Secondary Literature

576
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