Institute for the Classical Tradition
ANRW II.10.1, pp. 44-106
 
The Blemmyes I: The Rise of the Blemmyes and the Roman Withdrawal from Nubia under Diocletian
by Robert T. Updegraff, Waltham, Mass.

Table of Contents

Introduction 45

1. Previous Research on the Blemmyes

46

2. Presentation of Material

49
I. Early Appearances of the Blemmyes 49

1. Geographical and Historical Background for the Study of the Blemmyes

50

2. Earlier Inhabitants of Nubia

52

3. The Blemmyes in Egyptian Texts

55

4. References to the Blemmyes in Demotic Texts

57

5. Classical Authors on the Blemmyes

62

6. Summary

67
II. The Rise of the Blemmyes to Power 68

1. Blemmy Attacks against Roman Territory

68

a) Early Blemmy Raids into Egypt

68

b) Diocletian and the Roman Withdrawal from Nubia

72

c) Noubae, Noubades, Nobatai, Nubians

76

2. The Situation in the South

79

a) The Historical Background of Lower Nubia, 300 B.C.-200 A.D.

80

b) The Political and Social Situation in Lower Nubia in the Third Century

81

c) The Blemmyes and the Kingdom of Axum in the Late Third Century

83

d) The Blemmyes and the 'Fall' of Meroe

87

e) Factors in the Blemmyes' Rise to Power

88

3. Summary

90
Appendix 90
A. Stele of Anlamani; MACADAM, Kawa I, Plate 16 (note lines 16-21) 91
B. Procopius' report of Diocletian's withdrawal of Roman forces from Lower Nubia: De Bello Persico I, 19 92
Selected Bibliography 92
Additional Remarks by L. TÖRÖK, Budapest 97
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