Quantitative Reasoning

Quantitative Reasoning I

CAS AN 335

The Ape Within: Great Apes and the Evolution of Human Behavior

4 credits. Either sem. CAS AN 102 or CAS BI 107 or CAS BI 119; or consent of instructor.

Scientific Inquiry II
Quantitative Reasoning I
Research and Information Literacy

This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning I, Research and Information Literacy.

CAS AR 307

Archaeological Science

4 credits. Either sem. CAS AR 101; or consent of instructor.

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Scientific Inquiry II
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking
Research and Information Literacy

Application of natural sciences, as an integral part of modern archaeology, to issues of dating, reconstructing past environments and diets, and analysis of mineral and biological remains. Laboratories concentrate on biological, geological, physical, and chemical approaches. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning I, Research and Information Literacy.

CAS AR 518

Zooarchaeology

4 credits. CAS AR 101.

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Quantitative Reasoning I
Social Inquiry II

Introduction to the study of archaeological animal bones. Provides theoretical background and methodological skills necessary for interpreting past human- animal interactions, subsistence, and paleoecology. Laboratory sections focus on skeletal identification. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Social Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS AS 100

Cosmic Controversies

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Teamwork/Collaboration

The goal of this course is to understand our place in the physical universe by examining three recent concepts that have revolutionized cosmic awareness. The observations that led to the proposals of Dark Matter and Dark Energy, the re- classification of Pluto to non-planet status, and the discovery of many planets orbiting other stars within life-sustaining regions called Habitable Zones radically change the human perspectives on origins and life. In each case, the roles of evidence, validation and conclusions are used to enhance students capabilities and skills needed for our modern age. Carries natural science divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Teamwork/Collaboration.

CAS AS 101

The Solar System

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

The historical development of astronomy and the motion of the planets. The formation of the solar system. The sun and its effects on the earth. Description of the planets and the moons of our solar system including recent results from the space program. Use of the observatory. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area(s): Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

CAS AS 102

The Astronomical Universe

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Teamwork/Collaboration

The birth and death of stars. Red giants, white dwarfs, black holes. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, and other galaxies. The Big Bang and other cosmological theories of our expanding universe. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Teamwork/Collaboration.

CAS AS 107

Life Beyond Earth: A Consideration of Extraterrestrial Civilizations

4 credits. 1st sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I

About 10% of the planets in our Milky Way galaxy are like Earth in size and material composition. The same physical laws operate everywhere so extraterrestrial life may be both common and technologically advanced. Where is Everybody? Carries natural science divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS AS 109

Cosmology

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

The evolution of cosmological thought from prehistory to the present: Greek astronomy, Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, and Einstein. Motion, gravity, and the nature of space-time. The expanding universe. The early universe and Big Bang. Carries natural science divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

CAS AS 202

Principles of Astronomy I

4 credits. 1st sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

Astronomical observing and the night sky; optics and telescopes; birth of modern astronomy; atoms, spectra and spectroscopy; planetary motion and orbits; overview of solar system; uses observatory. Intended primarily for astronomy or physics majors. Lectures and laboratories. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

CAS BI 105

Introductory Biology for Health Sciences

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Research and Information Literacy

Principles of biology; emphasis on cellular structure, genetics, microbiology, development, biochemistry, metabolism, and immunology. This course is appropriate for non-majors and students in the health and paramedical sciences (Sargent College). Students may not receive credit for CAS BI 105 if CAS BI 108 has already been passed. Three hours lecture, two hours lab. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Research and Information Literacy.

CAS BI 107

Biology 1

4 credits. 1st sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking
Research and Information Literacy

For students who plan to major in the natural sciences or environmental science, and for premedical students. Required for biology majors. No prerequisite. High school biology is assumed. The evolution and diversity of life; principles of ecology; behavioral biology. Three hours lecture, three hours lab including several field studies. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking, Research and Information Literacy.

CAS CC 111

Origins: the Big Bang, Earth, Life, and Humanity: Core Natural Sciences 1

4 credits. 1st sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Teamwork/Collaboration

The origins of the physical world, a scientific parallel to CC 101. Explores how the fields of astronomy, earth science, biology, and anthropology help us to understand, from a scientific perspective, our place in the cosmos. Topics include Big Bang theory, evolution of the stars and earth, evolution of life, and the origins of human life and society. Assignments include computer-based and experimental laboratory work as well as team-based investigation and original research. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Teamwork/Collaboration.

CAS CH 101

General Chemistry 1

4 credits. Either sem. two years of high school algebra.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I

For science majors and minors who require a two-semester general chemistry course. Topics include: atoms and molecules; molecular connectivity, infrared spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry; stoichiometry and introduction to reactions in aqueous solutions; thermochemistry and the first law of thermodynamics; quantum aspects of light and matter; and bonding in diatomic and polyatomic molecules. Laboratory exercises include: the size of an atom, qualitative analysis, thermochemistry, and quantum aspects. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS CH 102

General Chemistry 2

4 credits. Either sem. CAS CH 101.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I

For science majors and minors who require a two-semester general chemistry course. Topics include the following: properties of gases; solutions and solubility; equilibrium; acids, bases and buffers; electrochemistry; spontaneity; free energy and the second law of thermodynamics; and chemical kinetics. Students must have completed CAS CH 101 prior to enrolling in CAS CH 102. Students must register for the following four (4) course components: lecture, discussion, pre-lab lecture, and laboratory. Carriers natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS CH 109

General and Quantitative Analytical Chemistry 1

4 credits. 1st sem. one year of high school chemistry and two years of high school algebra.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

First of two-semester sequence for students concentrating in the sciences. Stoichiometry, acids, bases, liquids, solids, solutions, equilibria, thermodynamics, kinetics, electrochemistry, atomic structure, bonding, and selected chemical systems. Correlated laboratory experiments emphasizing quantitative analysis. Three hours lecture, one hour discussion, one hour lab lecture, four hours lab. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

CAS CH 111

Intensive General and Quantitative Analytical Chemistry 1

4 credits. 1st sem. one year of high school chemistry, two years of high school algebra, and departmental chemistry placement exam.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking
Teamwork/Collaboration

First semester of intensive two-semester sequence for well-prepared students concentrating in chemistry or other sciences. Priority given to chemistry concentrators. Brief review of stoichiometry, gas laws; extensive consideration of equilibrium, thermodynamics, atomic and molecular structure, kinetics; application of principles to selected elements and compounds. Correlated laboratory experiments emphasizing applications of quantitative analysis. Three hours lecture, one hour discussion, four hours lab. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking, Teamwork/Collaboration.

CAS CH 131

General Chemistry for the Engineering Sciences

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I

A one-semester, terminal general chemistry course for students who do not require a two-semester sequence. Lecture topics include stoichiometry; atomic and molecular structure; theories of bonding; chemistry of the solid, liquid, and gaseous states; properties of solutions; chemical thermodynamics; equilibrium; acids and bases; electrochemistry. Laboratory includes training in basic laboratory techniques such as data collection and recording, statistical interpretation of data, solution preparation, titrations, conducting chemical reactions, use of spectrophotometers, pH and voltmeters. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS CH 171

Principles of General Chemistry

4 credits. 1st sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I

Introduction to chemistry: separation and purification of matter, atomic theory, structure of atoms, molecules and chemical bonding, chemical formulas, equations, stoichiometry; water, solutions, concentration, acids, bases, pH and buffers; gases; reaction kinetics and equilibrium, and radioactivity. Three hours lecture, one hour discussion, one hour prelab lecture, and three hours lab. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS CH 181

Intensive General and Physical Chemistry 1

4 credits. 1st sem. students in the Seven-Year Liberal Arts/Medical Education Program only.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking
Teamwork/Collaboration

CAS CH 203

Organic Chemistry 1

4 credits. 1st sem. CAS CH 102 or CAS CH 110 or CAS CH 112.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I

Fundamentals of contemporary organic chemistry, including skeletal and electronic structure, stereochemistry, and reactions of important functional groups. Applications of organic reactions to important synthetic targets in materials and drug discovery will be highlighted, as will reactions pertinent to biochemistry. Laboratory includes training in basic organic chemistry skills, such as extraction, reaction performance, spectroscopy interpretation and chromatography. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS CH 211

Intensive Organic Chemistry 1

4 credits. 1st sem. CAS CH 102 or CAS CH 110 or CAS CH 112.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking
Teamwork/Collaboration

Recommended for Chemistry majors. Organic compounds and their reactions; functional groups, stereochemistry, synthesis, reaction mechanisms, and laboratory methods including qualitative organic analysis. Industrial applications and relevance to biological systems. Three hours lecture, one hour discussion, one hour prelab lecture, four hours lab. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area(s): Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking, Teamwork/Collaboration.

CAS CS 108

Introduction to Applications Programming

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning I

Introduction to programming suitable for students not majoring in computer science. Topics include: application decomposition and abstraction; data manipulation and programming with databases; graphical user interfaces; debugging. Assignments include applications in science, commerce, games, the Web, and social networking. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS EC 203

Empirical Economics 1

4 credits. Either sem. CAS EC 101 and CAS EC 102.

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Quantitative Reasoning I

First semester of a two-semester sequence of empirical techniques used in economic analysis. Statistical concepts are presented and applied to a variety of economics problems. Extensive use of the statistical software package STATA will be made. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS EC 303

Empirical Economic Analysis 1

4 credits. Either sem. CAS EC 101 and CAS EC 102.

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Quantitative Reasoning I

First semester of a two-semester sequence of empirical techniques used in economic analysis (EC303/EC304). Statistical techniques are presented and applied to a variety of economics problems. Extensive use of the statistical software package STATA. This is a more theoretically advanced version of EC203. Note that students may not get credit for both EC203 and EC303. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS ES 105

Crises of Planet Earth

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Research and Information Literacy

After covering the origin of the universe, earth and life, the course examines two topics: natural hazards, including earthquakes and volcanoes; and human impacts on Earth, including climate change, ozone depletion, pollution, and increasing demands on mineral and energy resources. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Research and Information Literacy.

CAS ES 107

Introduction to Climate and Earth System Science

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Research and Information Literacy

Introduction to the Earth as an integrated system composed of interacting biosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere subsystems. Major themes include earth system stability, instability and capacity for change on all time scales, including human-induced climate change. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Research and Information Literacy.

CAS ES 300

Earth's Rocky Materials

4 credits. Either sem. CAS ES 107; or consent of instructor.

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Scientific Inquiry II
Quantitative Reasoning I

Utilizing an Earth Systems approach, this course begins with the mineral phases of the core and mantle. Crustal mineralogy and petrology follow, examining how minerals and the rocks that contain them are produced by magmatic, metamorphic, hypothermal, and surface processes. Weekly two-hour labs and a required field trip. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS ES 317

Introduction to Hydrology

4 credits. Either sem. CAS ES 105 or CAS ES 107 or CAS ES 140 or CAS ES 142 or CAS ES 144 or CAS GE 104.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Teamwork/Collaboration

An introductory course to the science of hydrology and its relation to issues concerning water as a resource, a hazard, and an integral component of the Earth's climatic, biological, and geological systems. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Teamwork/Collaboration.

CAS GE 101

Natural Environments: The Atmosphere

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I

An introduction to weather and climate. Topics include the controls of weather and climate, day-to-day variations in weather, severe storms, climates of the world, urban climate and air pollution, past climates and climatic change, and the impact of climatic variations on society. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS GE 270

Data, Models, and Analysis in Earth & Environment

4 credits. Either sem. CAS ES 107 and CAS GE 100 (or equivalent), or consent of instructor.

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Quantitative Reasoning I
Research and Information Literacy

Introduces key questions, types and sources of data, and analytical methods in earth and environment, and introduces students to an array of quantitative methods from both the natural- and social-science disciplines. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning I, Research and Information Literacy.

CAS LX 301

Phonetics & Phonology: Introduction to Sound Systems

4 credits. 1st sem. CAS LX 250; or consent of instructor.

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Scientific Inquiry II
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

Introduction to the nature and patterning of sounds in human language. Presents articulatory and acoustic phonetics, and basic phonological analysis, focusing on cross-language typology and comparison. Hands-on development of practical skills, including IPA transcription, field techniques, and digital speech analysis. Carries humanities divisional studies credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

CAS MA 118

College Algebra and Trigonometry

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning I

MA 118 may not be taken for credit by any student who has completed any MA course numbered 121 or higher. Functions and graphs. Linear and quadratic equations. Exponents; logarithms. Right and oblique triangles; trigonometric functions. Optimization. Specifically intended to prepare students with insufficient background in mathematics for the study of calculus. This course may not be used in fulfillment of the divisional studies requirement. Satisfies the mathematics requirement in the College program. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS MA 119

Applied Mathematics for Personal Finance

4 credits. Either sem.

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Social Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Life Skills

Applications of mathematics for personal financial decision-making. Systems of equations, exponential functions, logarithms, probability, descriptive statistics, and numerical simulation, for modeling saving, borrowing, inflation, purchasing power, taxation, government benefits, risk management, insurance, annuities, and investments. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Social Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I. This course also fulfills the learning outcomes for Life Skills.

CAS NE 212

Introduction to MATLAB Programming for Research in Psychological & Brain Sciences

4 credits. Either sem. CAS NE 101 or CAS PS 101; , one semester of calculus; or consent of instructor.

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Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

Teaches computer programming concepts, core statistical concepts, and related skills via MATLAB. Programming examples that cover four steps of neuroscience research (experiment control; random samples; data analysis; brain process simulation) promote "constructive" understanding of the quantitative reasoning behind decisions based on descriptive and inferential statistics (e.g., confidence intervals, linear regression models, model- specific anovas). Explains numerical integration programs in two settings: probability distributions, and simulations of neural dynamics. Also listed as CAS NE 212 This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

CAS PH 261

Puzzles and Paradoxes

4 credits.

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Philosophical Inquiry and Life's Meanings
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

Some of our most basic beliefs, when scrutinized, lead to absurd conclusions. For example, using only beliefs that seem uncontroversial, we can conclude that motion is impossible, that everyone is bald, and it is impossible to give a surprise exam. Carefully scrutinizing the reasoning that leads to these absurdities often yields substantial philosophical insight. In this course, we will examine a number of such puzzles and paradoxes in detail. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Philosophical Inquiry and Life's Meanings, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

CAS PH 360

Symbolic Logic

4 credits. Either sem. one philosophy course or sophomore standing.

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Philosophical Inquiry and Life's Meanings
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

A survey of the concepts and principles of symbolic logic: valid and invalid arguments, logical relations of statements and their basis in structural features of statements, analysis of the logical structure of complex statements of ordinary discourse, and the use of a symbolic language to display logical structure and to facilitate methods for assessing the logical structure of arguments. The course is an introduction to first-order quantificational logic, a key tool underlying work in foundations of mathematics, philosophy of language and mind, philosophy of science and parts of syntax. Carries humanities divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Philosophical Inquiry and Life's Meanings, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

CAS PS 211

Introduction to Experimental Design

4 credits. Either sem. CAS PS 101.

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Scientific Inquiry II
Quantitative Reasoning I

Introduction to the logic and processes involved in descriptive and inferential statistics for psychology. Topics include statistical inference, significance, t-tests, ANOVAs, correlation, regression, and statistical software analysis. This is a hybrid class - class time is reserved for hands on activities. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning I.

CAS PS 212

Introduction to MATLAB Programming for Research in Psychological & Brain Sciences

4 credits. Either sem. CAS NE 101 or CAS PS 101; , one semester of calculus; or consent of instructor.

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Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

Teaches computer programming concepts, core statistical concepts, and related skills via MATLAB. Programming examples that cover four steps of neuroscience research (experiment control; random samples; data analysis; brain process simulation) promote "constructive" understanding of the quantitative reasoning behind decisions based on descriptive and inferential statistics (e.g., confidence intervals, linear regression models, model-specific anovas). Explains numerical integration programs in two settings: probability distributions, and simulations of neural dynamics. Also listed as CAS NE 212 This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

CAS PY 105

Physics 1

4 credits.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

The CAS PY 105/106 sequence satisfies premedical requirements. PY105 covers some of the basic principles underlying the physics of everyday life, including forces and motion, momentum and energy, harmonic motion, rotation, and heat and thermodynamics. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

CAS PY 107

Physics of Food and Cooking

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

Physical science concepts of thermal / soft matter physics and molecular biophysics such as phase transitions and gelation, viscosity, elasticity illustrated via cooking. Labs and demos using molecular gastronomy methods of sous-vide cooking, pressure cooking, making desserts, cheese, emulsions, foams, gels, ice creams. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

CAS PY 211

General Physics I

4 credits. Either sem. CAS MA 123; or consent of instructor for students concurrently taking MA 123.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking
Teamwork/Collaboration

Calculus-based introduction to basic principles of physics, emphasizing Newtonian mechanics, conservation laws, and thermodynamics. For science majors and engineers, and for premedical students who seek a more analytical course than CAS PY 105/106. Interactive, student-centered lectures, discussion, and laboratory. Carries natural science divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking, Teamwork/Collaboration.

CAS PY 251

Principles of Physics 1

4 credits. Either sem. CAS MA 123; or equivalent.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking
Teamwork/Collaboration

Introduction to mechanics, conservation laws, heat, and thermodynamics. Primarily for physics, mathematics, and astronomy majors, but open to other students with a strong background in mathematics. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking, Teamwork/Collaboration.

CFA MT 202

Music Theory 4

3 credits. 2nd sem.

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Aesthetic Exploration
Quantitative Reasoning I
Creativity/Innovation

Further study of chromatic music in the common-practice period is approached through listening, writing, and analytical work. The course explores the structure and usage of augmented-sixth chords, mode mixture/borrowed chords, the Neapolitan triad, and modulation to distantly related keys. Continued work in applying general voice-leading principles will be covered through figured-bass exercises and harmonization of tunes. Formal structures such as sonata and sonata hybrids will be introduced. A keyboard harmony component will be covered in separate weekly meetings. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Aesthetic Exploration, Quantitative Reasoning I, Creativity/Innovation.

CGS NS 201

Biology I

4 credits. 1st sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

Focuses on the major paradigms (and shifts) including the origin of life, molecular and cellular theories of life, human origins, genetics, evolutionary theory and biodiversity. Encourages use of quantitative and scientific tools required to explore scientific models and connects the scientific process with ethical and social concerns arising from our understanding of the origin, evolution and diversity of life including our own species. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area(s): Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

CGS NS 203

Astronomy

4 credits. 1st sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

The planets and their motions are presented from an historical perspective. The birth, life and death of starts, the Milky Way and other galaxies are discussed. Big Bang cosmology is introduced. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

ENG EK 125

Introduction to Programming for Engineers

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning I
Creativity/Innovation

An introduction to programming concepts and modern computational environments used to solve engineering problems. Basic procedural programming concepts including input/output, selection, looping, functions, data structures (arrays, strings, structures), pointers, and memory management. Introduction to object-oriented programming concepts and terminology and event-driven programming. Emphasis on programming style, debugging, top-down design and modular code. Introduction to a command line interface and a high-level language. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning I, Creativity/Innovation.

KHC BI 101

Climate Change Biology in Massachusetts: What Would Henry Say?

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I
Critical Thinking

This course will place Thoreau and Walden within the context of modern climate change biology research. Students will read Walden concurrently with papers on climate change and recent books to appreciate how Thoreau anticipated many modern climate change issues. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I, Critical Thinking.

KHC EK 103

Mechanics on the Charles River Esplanade

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I

An introduction to mechanics, the science of motion, using examples visible on the Charles River Esplanade. Introduction to the concept of force, and to the concepts of mass, momentum, and energy, and their conservation. Students will learn to apply these conservation laws together with dimensional analysis, scaling, and order of magnitude estimation, to a variety of physical systems in and around the Charles River Esplanade. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I.

KHC PH 104

Planning to Fix Health Problems

4 credits. Either sem.

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Social Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning I

U.S. health care suffers anarchy because market competition and competent government action fail. Costs rise. Coverage and quality fall. You'll learn to prepare a plan to ameliorate a health problem by analyzing both its real causes and the efficacy/cost/political feasibility of possible remedies. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Social Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning I.

KHC SO 101

Social Networks and Culture

4 credits. 2nd sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning I
Social Inquiry II

This seminar will focus on the theories and applications of social network analysis to study culture. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area(s): Social Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning I.

QST QM 221

Probabilistic and Statistical Decision-Making for Management

4 credits. Either sem. SM131; CAS MA121 or MA123 previous or concurrent.

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Quantitative Reasoning I

Exposes students to the fundamentals of probability, decision analysis, and statistics, and their application to business. Topics include probability, decision analysis, distributions, sampling, estimation, hypothesis testing, and chi-square. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area(s): Quantitative Reasoning I.

SED ME 363

Problem Solving in Mathematics

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning I
Oral and/or Signed Communication
Critical Thinking

This course explores the teaching and learning of mathematics through solving sets of challenging problems. Topics include research on problem solving and how its design and implementation can be supported in the classroom. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area(s): Quantitative Reasoning I, Oral and/or Signed Communication, Critical Thinking.

Quantitative Reasoning II

CAS AR 516

Paleoethnobotany

4 credits. Either sem. CAS AR 101; or consent of instructor.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Social Inquiry II
Critical Thinking

Introduces the theory and method of the study of archaeological plant remains and basic botanical and ecological concepts. Highlights relationships between people and environments and the roles of plants in past societies. Laboratory sessions concentrate on quantitative analysis. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Social Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning II, Critical Thinking.

CAS BI 108

Biology 2

4 credits. 2nd sem.

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Scientific Inquiry II
Quantitative Reasoning II
Critical Thinking
Teamwork/Collaboration

For students planning to major in the natural sciences and for premedical students. Required for biology majors. It is strongly recommended students complete CAS CH 101 (or equivalent) before this course. High school biology is assumed. Cell and molecular biology, Mendelian & molecular genetics, physiology, and neurobiology. Three hours lecture, three hours lab. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning II, Critical Thinking, Teamwork/Collaboration.

CAS BI 114

Human Infectious Diseases: AIDS to Tuberculosis

4 credits. 2nd sem.

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Scientific Inquiry I
Quantitative Reasoning II
Critical Thinking

Not for Biology major or minor credit. A study of the world's major human diseases, their causes, effects on history, pathology, and cures. Principles of immunology. Emphasis on present maladies such as AIDS, herpes, cancer, mononucleosis, tuberculosis, influenza, and hepatitis. This course is appropriate for non- majors and students in the health and paramedical sciences (Sargent College). Three hours lecture, three hours lab. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area(s): Scientific Inquiry I, Quantitative Reasoning II, Critical Thinking.

CAS CC 212

Reality, Science, and the Modern World: Core Natural Science 2

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry II
Quantitative Reasoning II
Critical Thinking

Studies the paradigm-shifting scientific theories of quantum theory and relativity that created a new world view and forced the 20th century into a new understanding of our relation to reality. Examines chaos theory and parallels these ideas with current debates and discoveries in science, such as climate change and the phenomenon of allegedly "junk science". Considers the role of science in the modern world, how we know what we know, and the nature of truth in a 21st century context.

CAS CH 110

General and Quantitative Analytical Chemistry 2

4 credits. Either sem. CAS CH 109.

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Scientific Inquiry II
Quantitative Reasoning II
Critical Thinking

Second of two-semester sequence for students concentrating in the sciences. Buiilding from the basis of the first semester, the second semester will cover acids, bases, equilibria, thermodynamics, kinetics, electrochemistry,and selected chemical systems as case studies. Correlated laboratory experiments emphasizing quantitative analysis. Three hours lecture, one hour discussion, one hour lab lecture, four hours lab. Carries scientific inquiry II credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning II, Critical Thinking.

CAS CH 225

Mathematical Methods for Chemistry

4 credits. Either sem. Chemistry Department major and CAS MA 123/124 or MA 127; and CAS CH 102/201, 110 or 112.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Select topics from multivariate calculus, linear algebra, and ordinary differential equations that are most relevant to physical or biophysical chemistry. The goal will be to develop mastery of key mathematical concepts important for the successful study of advanced chemistry. Emphasis will be placed on problem-solving in the context of physical examples of relevance to chemistry. Three hours lecture, one hour discussion. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS CS 101

Introduction to Computing

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Digital/Multimedia Expression

The computer is presented as a tool that can assist in solving a broad spectrum of problems. This course provides a general introduction designed to dispel the mystery surrounding computers and introduces the fundamental ideas of programs and algorithms. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning II, Digital/Multimedia Expression.

CAS CS 103

Introduction to Internet Technologies and Web Programming

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Digital/Multimedia Expression

Introduction to the basic architecture and protocols underlying the operation of the Internet with an emphasis on Web design, Web application programming, and algorithmic thinking. General familiarity with the Internet is assumed. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning II, Digital/Multimedia Expression.

CAS CS 105

Introduction to Databases and Data Mining

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

General introduction to computational methods for processing collection of data. Topics include databases and data modeling; writing simple programs to process data; data mining and data visualization. Applications are drawn from business, the arts, the life sciences, and social sciences. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS CS 111

Introduction to Computer Science 1

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Critical Thinking
Creativity/Innovation

The first course for computer science majors and anyone seeking a rigorous introduction. Develops computational problem-solving skills by programming in the Python language, and exposes students to variety of other topics from computer science and its applications. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning II, Creativity/Innovation, Critical Thinking.

CAS CS 112

Introduction to Computer Science 2

4 credits. Either sem. CAS CS 111; or equivalent.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Covers advanced programming techniques and data structures. Topics include recursion, algorithm analysis, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, graphs, tables, searching, and sorting. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS CS 131

Combinatoric Stuctures

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Representation, analysis, techniques, and principles for manipulation of basic combinatoric structures used in computer science. Rigorous reasoning is emphasized. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS CS 210

Computer Systems

4 credits. Either sem. CAS CS 112.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Fundamental concepts of computer systems and systems programming. Hardware fundamentals including digital logic, memory systems, processor design, buses, I/O subsystems, data representations, computer arithmetic, and instruction-set architecture. Software concepts including assembly language programming, operating systems, assemblers, linkers, and systems programming in C. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS CS 235

Algebraic Algorithms

4 credits.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Basic concepts and algorithms for manipulation of algebraic objects, such as residues, matrices, polynomials; and applications to various CS areas, such as cryptography and fault-tolerance. Emphasis on rigorous reasoning and analysis. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS CS 237

Probability in Computing

4 credits. Either sem. CAS CS 131.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Critical Thinking

Introduction to basic probabilistic concepts and methods used in computer science. Develops an understanding of the crucial role played by randomness in computing, both as a powerful tool and as a challenge to confront and analyze. Emphasis on rigorous reasoning, analysis, and algorithmic thinking. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning II, Critical Thinking.

CAS CS 330

Introduction to Analysis of Algorithms

4 credits. Either sem. CASCS112, CASCS131, and CASCS132; or CASCS235 or CASCS237

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Critical Thinking

Examines the basic principles of algorithm design and analysis; graph algorithms; greedy algorithms; dynamic programming; network flows; polynomial- time reductions; NP-hard and NP-complete problems; approximation algorithms; randomized algorithms This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning II, Critical Thinking.

CAS EC 304

Empirical Economic Analysis 2

4 credits. Either sem. CAS EC 303; or equivalent.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Second semester of a two-semester sequence of empirical techniques used in economic analysis. Statistical concepts are presented and applied to a variety of economics problems. Builds on the material in CAS EC 303, developing more complex statistical techniques and applications. This is a more theoretically advanced version of EC204. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS GE 508

Data Science for Conservation Decisions

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Digital/Multimedia Expression
Research and Information Literacy

Application of quantitative methods to support conservation decisions. Ecosystem value mapping, systematic conservation planning, policy instrument design, rigorous impact evaluation, decision theory, data visualization. Implementations in state-of-the-art open-source software. Real-life case studies from the U.S. and abroad. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning II, Digital/Multimedia Expression, Research and Information Literacy.

CAS LX 394

Introduction to Programming for Computational Linguistics

4 credits.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Research and Information Literacy

Introduction to computational techniques to explore linguistic models and test empirical claims. Serves as an introduction to programming, algorithms, and data structures, focused on modern applications to Natural Language Processing (NLP). Topics include tagging and classification, parsing models, meaning representation, and information extraction. (Not intended for students with a background in programming or computer science.) Carries MCS divisional studies credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning II, Research and Information Literacy.

CAS MA 113

Elementary Statistics

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Basic concepts of estimation and tests of hypotheses, ideas from probability; one-, two-, and multiple-sample problems. Applications will be in social sciences and students will be able to answer understand the basics of using a sample to predict uncertainty. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS MA 115

STATISTICS I

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Numerical and graphical summaries of univariate and bivariate data. Basic probability, random variables, binomial distribution, normal distribution. One- sample statistical inference for normal means and binomial probabilities. Primarily for students in the social sciences with limited mathematics preparation.Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS MA 116

Statistics II

4 credits. Either sem. CAS MA 115; or equivalent.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

This course introduces basic statistical modeling techniques. One- or two- sample inference for unknown means, proportions and variances, categorical data analysis, introduction to design of experiments and analysis of variance, analysis of simple and multiple linear regression models, non-parametric methods. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS MA 120

Applied Mathematics for Social and Management Sciences

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

MA 120 may not be taken for credit by any student who has completed any MA course numbered 124 or higher. Topics chosen from Linear equations, systems of linear equations, matrix algebra, exponential functions and logarithms, elements of differential calculus, optimization, probability. Some sections focus on applications in economics, finance, and management. Satisfies both mathematics requirement and divisional studies requirement. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS MA 121

Calculus for the Life and Social Sciences I

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Differentiation and integration of functions of one variable. Same topics as CAS MA 123, but with less emphasis on mathematical generality and more on applications. Especially suitable for students concentrating in the biological and social sciences. Carries MCS Divisional credit in CAS This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS MA 122

Calculus for the Life and Social Sciences II

4 credits. Either sem. CAS MA 121 or CAS MA 123.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Students may receive credit for not more than one of the following courses: CAS MA 122, MA 124, MA 127 or MA 129. Continuation of CAS MA 121. Review of univariate calculus, calculus of the elementary transcendental functions, elementary differential equations, elementary multivariate calculus. Applications to exponential growth, optimization, equilibrium, and dynamic modeling problems. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS MA 123

Calculus I

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Limits; derivatives; differentiation of algebraic and transcendental functions. Applications to maxima, minima, and convexity of functions. The definite integral; the fundamental theorem of integral calculus. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS MA 124

Calculus II

4 credits. Either sem. CAS MA 121 or CAS MA 123.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Students may receive credit for not more than one of the following courses: CAS MA 122, MA 124, MA 127, or MA 129. Logarithmic, exponential, and trigonometric functions. Sequences and series; Taylor's series with the remainder. Methods of integration. Calculus I and II together constitute an introduction to calculus of a function of a single real variable. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS MA 150

Investigations in Geometry

4 credits. 2nd sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Writing, Research, and Inquiry
Research and Information Literacy

An immersion experience in mathematical thinking and mathematical habits of mind. Students investigate topics in Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometry starting from basic elementary material and leading to an overview of current research topics. Does not satisfy MCS Divisional requirement. Does satisfy CAS WR 150 requirement. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning II, Writing: Research & Inquiry, Research and Information Literacy.

CAS MA 213

Basic Statistics and Probability

4 credits. Either sem. good background in high school algebra.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Teamwork/Collaboration

Elementary treatment of probability densities, means, variances, correlation, independence, the central limit theorem, confidence intervals, and p-values. Students will be able to answer questions such as how can a pollster use a sample to predict the uncertainty of an election? Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning II, Teamwork/Collaboration.

CAS MA 214

Applied Statistics

4 credits. Either sem. CAS MA 213; or consent of instructor.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Teamwork/Collaboration

Inference about proportions, goodness of fit, student's t-distribution, tests for normality; two-sample comparisons, regression and correlation, tests for linearity and outliers, residual analysis, contingency tables, analysis of variance. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning II, Teamwork/Collaboration.

CAS MA 225

Multivariate Calculus

4 credits. Either sem. CAS MA 124 or CAS MA 127 or CAS MA 129.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Vectors, lines, planes. Multiple integration, cylindrical and spherical coordinates. Partial derivatives, directional derivatives, scalar and vector fields, the gradient, potentials, approximation, multivariate minimization, Stokes's and related theorems. (Cannot be taken for credit in addition to CAS MA 230.) This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CAS PY 106

Physics 2

4 credits. CAS PY 105; or equivalent.

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Scientific Inquiry II
Quantitative Reasoning II
Critical Thinking

The CAS PY 105/106 sequence satisfies premedical requirements. PY106 covers some of the basic principles underlying the physics of everyday life, including electricity and magnetism, direct-current circuits, waves, optics, and modern physics. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning II, Critical Thinking.

CAS PY 212

General Physics 2

4 credits. Either sem. CAS PY 211 and CAS MA 124; or consent of instructor for students concurrently taking MA 123 or MA225

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Scientific Inquiry II
Quantitative Reasoning II
Critical Thinking
Teamwork/Collaboration

Calculus-based introduction to basic principles of physics, emphasizing electromagnetism, circuits, and optics. For science majors and engineers, and for premedical students who seek a more analytical course than CAS PY 105/106. Interactive, student-centered lectures, discussion, and laboratory. Carries natural science divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning II, Critical Thinking, Teamwork/Collaboration.

CAS PY 252

Principles of Physics 2

4 credits. Either sem. CAS PY 251; or equivalent.

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Scientific Inquiry II
Quantitative Reasoning II
Critical Thinking

Introduction to electromagnetic radiation and geometrical optics. Primarily for physics, mathematics, and astronomy majors, but open to other students with a strong background in mathematics. Carries natural science divisional credit (with lab) in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning II, Critical Thinking.

CFA MT 301

Music Theory 5

2 credits. 1st sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Analytical and theoretical concepts of post-tonal music will be explored in music of the 20th and 21st centuries. Major stylistic trends and approaches, such as free atonality, centricity/scale-based music, neo-classicism, twelve- tone/serial music, experimentalism, and new approaches to tonality will be covered. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

CFA MT 472

Music Perception and Cognition

4 credits. 2nd sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Social Inquiry II
Research and Information Literacy

Covers selected topics in empirical research on music perception and cognition. These may include the cognitive processing of melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre, the connection of music to emotion, computational study of musical corpora, the quantitative study of music performance, and the connection of music to other areas of human intelligence. Students learn to evaluate research articles, apply statistical models to musical and behavioral data, and propose their own studies. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Social Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning II, Research and Information Literacy.

CGS MA 113

Elementary Statistics

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

MA 113 may not be taken for credit by any student who has completed any MA course numbered 300 or higher. Students may receive credit for not more than one of the following courses: CAS MA 113, MA 115, or MA 213. Basic concepts of estimation and tests of hypotheses, ideas from probability; one-, two-, and multiple-sample problems. Applications in social sciences. Primarily for students in the social sciences who require a one-semester introduction to statistics; others should consider CAS MA 115 or MA 213. Carries MCS divisional credit in CAS. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning I.

CGS MA 121

Calculus

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

For students who need an introductory calculus course for their major. Fulfills the CAS and Questroom mathematics requirement. This course covers differentiation and integration of functions of one variable and emphasizes application over mathematical generality. Applications in the natural sciences, social sciences, and management. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area: Quantitative Reasoning II.

ENG EK 381

Probability, Statistics, and Data Science for Engineers

4 credits. Either sem. ENG EK 103 and CAS MA 225.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Critical Thinking

Provides a strong foundation in probability and an introduction to statistics and machine learning. Includes experience with translating engineering problems into probabilistic models, and working with these models analytically and algorithmically. Prepares students for upper-level electives that use probabilistic reasoning. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Quantitative Reasoning II, Critical Thinking.

KHC AS 101

The Pluto Saga: Interactions Between Science, Society, Art and Religion

4 credits. Either sem.

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Scientific Inquiry II
Quantitative Reasoning II
Critical Thinking

The change in Pluto's status as a planet generated controversies within the non-science community that far exceeded those among astronomers. This seminar explores the science behind the decision and the varied roles of evidence in reaching conclusions. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Scientific Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning II, Critical Thinking.

KHC EC 103

Housing Policy: An Economic Perspective

4 credits. Either sem.

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Quantitative Reasoning II
Social Inquiry II
Research and Information Literacy

This course introduces students to economic analysis through the study of housing policy. The course covers both microeconomic issues related to housing affordability and macroeconomic issues related to the stabilization of the housing market and the Great Recession. Throughout, the course will teach students economic principles and how use data to assess economic arguments. This course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Social Inquiry II, Quantitative Reasoning II, Research and Information Literacy.

QST QM 222

Modeling Business Decisions and Market Outcomes

4 credits. Either sem. Sophomore standing; QST QM221, CAS EC101.

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Quantitative Reasoning II

Examines the use of economic and statistical tools for making business decisions. Topics include optimization (including linear programming), multiple regression, demand modeling, cost modeling, industry analysis (including models of perfect competition, monopoly, and oligopoly), and game theory. The course emphasizes modeling with spreadsheets. This course fulfills a single unit in the following BU Hub area(s): Quantitative Reasoning II.