People

Research Interests

• Hip and Knee Replacement and Reconstructive Surgery
• Treatment of Metabolic Disease
• Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery

Current Research

The Biology of Skeletal Repair and Regeneration.

Selected Recent Publications

Morgan, E.F., Mason, Z.D., Bishop, G., Davis, A.D., Wigner, N.A., Gerstenfeld, L.C., and Einhorn, T.A. "Combined Effects of Recombinant Human BMP-7 (rhBMP-7) and Parathyroid Hormone (1-34) in Metaphyseal Bone Healing" Bone (In Press)

Jepsen, K., Price, C., Silkman, L., Nicholls, F., Nasser, P., Hu, B., Hadi, N., Alapatt, M., Stapleton, S., Kakar, S., Einhorn, T.A., and Gerstenfeld, L. "Genetic Variation in the Patterns of Skeletal Progenitor Cell Differentiation and Progression During Endochondral Bone Formation Affects the Rate of Fracture Healing" J. Bone Miner. Res. 23: 1204-1216 (2008)

Jacobsen, K.A., Al-Aql, Z.S., Wan, C., Fitch, J.L., Stapleton, S.N., Mason, Z.D., Cole, R.M., Gilbert, S.R., Clemens, T.L., Morgan, E.F., Einhorn, T.A., and Gerstenfeld, L.C. "Bone Formation During Distraction Osteogenesis is Dependent on Both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 Signaling" J Bone Miner. Res. 23: 596-609 (2008)

Barnes, G.L., Kakar, S., Vora, S., Morgan, E.F., Gerstenfeld, L.C., and Einhorn, T.A. "Stimulation of Fracture-Healing with Systemic Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone Treatment" J. Bone Joint Surg. 90A(Suppl 1): 120-127 (2008)

Einhorn, T.A., Laurencin, C.T., and Lyons, K. "An AAOS-NIH Symposium. Fracture Repair: Challenges, Opportunities, and Directions for Future Research" J. Bone Joint Surg. 90A: 438-442 (2008)

Ai-Aql, Z.S., Alagl, A.S., Graves, D.T., Gerstenfeld. L.C., and Einhorn, T.A.

"Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Bone Formation during Fracture Healing and Distraction Osteogenesis" J. Dent. Res. 87: 107-118 (2008)

Wan, C., Gilbert, S.R., Wang, Y., Cao, X., Ramaswamy, G., Jacobsen, K.A., Alaql, Z., S., Eberhardt, A.W., Gerstenfeld, L.C., Einhorn, T.A., Deng, L., Clemens, T.L. "Activation of the Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 {alpha} Pathway Accelerates Bone Regeneration" Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 105: 686-689 (2008)

Hollinger, J.O., Onikepe, A.O., Mackrell, J., Einhorn, T.A., Bradica, G., Lynch, S., and Hart, C.E. "Accelerated Fracture Healing in the Geriatric, Osteoporotic Rat with Recombinant Human Platelet-derived Growth Factor-BB and an Injectable Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate/Collagen Matrix" J Orthop. Res. 26: 83-90 (2008)

Betz, V.M., Betz, O.B., Glatt, V., Gerstenfeld, L.C., Einhorn, T.A., Bouxsein, M.L., Vrahas, M.S., and Evans, C.H. "Healing of Segmental Bone Defects by Direct Percutaneous Gene Delivery: Effect of Vector Dose" Hum. Gene Ther. 18: 907-915 (2007)

Giannoudis, P.V., Kanakis, N.K., and Einhorn, T.A. "Interaction of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins with Cells of the Osteoclast Lineage: Review of the Existing Evidence" Osteoporosis Int. 18: 1565-81 (2007)

Kakar, S., Einhorn, T.A., Vora, S., Hon, G., Wigner, N.A., Toben, D., Jacobsen, K.A., Al-Sebaei, M.O., Song, M., Trackman, P.C., Morgan, E.F., Gerstenfeld, L.C., and Barnes, G.L. "Enhanced Chondrogenesis and Wnt-signaling in Parathyroid Hormone Treated Fractures" J Bone Miner Res. 22: 1903-12 (2007)

Bishop, G.B, and Einhorn, T.A. "Current and Future Clinical Applications of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery" Int. Orthop. 31: 721-727 (2007)

Tsiridis, E., Morgan, E.F., Bancroft, J.M., Song, M., Kain, M., Gerstenfeld, L., Einhorn, T.A., Bouxsein, M.L., Tornetta, P. "Effects of OP-1 and PTH in a New Experimental Model for the Study of Metaphyseal Bone Healing" J Orthop. Res. 25: 1193-1203 (2007)

Betz, O.B., Betz, V.M., Nazarian, A., Egermann, M., Gerstenfeld, L.C., Einhorn,T.A., Vrahas, M.S., Bouxsein, M.L., Evans, C.H. "Delayed Administration of Adenoviral BMP-2 vector Improves the Formation of Bone in Osseous Defects" Gene Ther. 14: 1039-1044 (2007)

Cho, T.J., Kim, J.A., Chung C.Y., Yoo, W.J., Gerstenfeld, L.C., Einhorn, T.A., and Choi, I.H. "Expression and Role of Interleukin-6 in Distraction Osteogenesis" Calcif. Tissue Int. 80: 192-200 (2007)

Edgar, C.M., Chakravarthy, V., Barnes, G.L., Kakar, S., Gerstenfeld, L.C., and Einhorn, T.A. "Autogenous Regulation of a Network of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) Mediates the Osteogenic Differentiation in Murine Marrow Stromal Cells" Bone 40: 1389-1398 (2007)

Axelrad, T.W., Kakar, S., and Einhorn, T.A. "New Technologies for the Enhancement of Skeletal Repair" Injury 38 (Suppl) 1: S49-62 (2007)

Kayal, R.A., Tsatsas, D., Bauer, M.A,  Allen, B., Al-Sebaei, M.O., Kakar S., Leone, C.W., Morgan, E.F., Gerstenfeld, L., Einhorn, T.A., Graves, D.T. "Diminished Bone Formation during Diabetic Fracture Healing is Related to. the Premature Resorption of Cartilage Associated with Increased Osteoclast Activity" J Bone Miner Res. 22: 560-568 (2007)

Marsell, R., Jonsson, K.B., Cho, T.J., Einhorn, T.A., Ohlsson, C., Schipani, E. "Mice Expressing a Consitutively Active PTH/PTHrP Receptor in Osteoblasts Show Reduced Callus Size but Normal Callus Morphology During Fracture Healing" Acta Orthop. Scand. 78: 39-45 (2007)

De Long, W.G., Jr., Einhorn, T.A., Koval, K., McKee, M., Smith, W., Sanders, R., and Watson, T. "Bone Grafts and Bone Graft Substitutes in Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery: A Critical Analysis" J. Bone Joint Surg. 89A: 649-658 (2007)

Gerstenfeld, L.C., Al-Ghawas, M., Alkhiary, Y.M., Cullinane, D.M., Krall, E.A., Fitch, J. L., Webb, E.G., Thiede, M.A., and Einhorn, T.A. "Selective and Non-selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors and Experimental Fracture-Healing; Reversibility of Effects after Short-term Treatment" J. Bone Joint Surg. 89: 114-125 (2007)

Tsuji, K., Bandyopadhyay, A., Harfe, B.D., Cox, K., Kakar, S., Gerstenfeld, L., Einhorn, T.A., Tabin, C.J., and Rosen, V. "BMP2 Activity, Although Dispensable for Bone Formation, is Required for the Initiation of Fracture Healing" Nat. Genet. 12: 1424-1429 (2006)

Gruber, R., Koch, H., Doll, B.A., Tegtmeier, F., Einhorn, T.A., and Hollinger, J.O. "Fracture Healing in the Elderly Patient" Exp. Geronto. 11: 1080-1093 (2006)

Gerstenfeld, L.C., Alkhiary, Y. M., Krall, E.A., Nicholls, F.H., Stapelton, S.N., Fitch, J.L., Bauer, M., Kayal, R., Graves, D.T., Jepsen, K.J., and Einhorn,T.A. "Three-dimensional Reconstruction of Fracture Callus Morphogenesis" J. Histochem. Cytochem. 54: 1215-1228 (2006)

Wang, K., Vishwanath, P., Eichler, G.S., Al-Sebai, M.O., Edgar, C.M., Einhorn, T.A., Smith, T.F., Gerstenfeld, L.C. "Analysis of Fracture Healing by Large Scale Transcriptional Profile Identified Temporal Relationships between Metalloproteinase and ADAMTs mRNA Expression" Matrix Biol. 25: 271-281 (2006)

Boes, M., Kain, M., Kakar, S., Nichols, F., Cullinane, D., Gerstenfeld, L.C., Einhorn, T.A., and Tornetta, P.T. "The Osteogenic Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury in Experimental Fracture Healing" J. Bone Joint Surg. 88A: 738-743 (2006)