Below is a list of articles, abstracts, book chapters, or handbooks authored by Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation staff. Due to copyright laws some articles are not available for full-text download. In most cases, these articles are available for purchase after searching the publisher's web site.
Anthony, W. A. (2008). Supported Employment in the Context of Psychiatric Rehabilitation. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 31(4), 271-272.
In 1987, through a Special Issue of this journal (Mellen & Danley, 1987; Will, 1987b) the concept of SE was introduced to the psychiatric rehabilitation field. Supported Employment (SE) was initially developed for people with developmental disabilities (Wehman & Krevel, 1985) and adapted into the psychiatric rehabilitation field (Anthony & Blanch, 1987). Like many innovations in the disability arena, it was an innovation not based on data but on values (Anthony, 2004; 2005). The lead proponent in making this service reimbursable was Madeline Will, the Assistant Secretary in the Department of Education’s Office of Special Education and Rehabilitation Services…
Ashcraft, L., & Anthony, W. A. (2008). Eliminating Seclusion and Restraint in Recovery Oriented Crisis Services. Psychiatric Services, 59(10), 1198-1202.
The use of seclusion and physical restraint is viewed as a practice incompatible with the vision of recovery, and its therapeutic benefit remains unsubstantiated. This Open Forum describes an initiative that began in 1999 at two crisis centers that was designed to completely eliminate the practice of seclusion and restraint. Seclusion and restraint elimination strategies included strong leadership direction, policy and procedural change, staff training, consumer debriefing, and regular feedback on progress. Existing records indicated that over a 58-month follow-up period (January 2000 to October 2004), the larger crisis center took ten months until a month registered zero seclusions and 31 months until a month recorded zero restraints. The smaller crisis center achieved these same goals in two months and 15 months, respectively. The success of this initiative suggests that policy makers and organizational leaders familiarize themselves with these and other similar seclusion and restraint reduction strategies that now exist.
Dunn, E., Rogers, E. S., Hutchinson, D., Lyass, A., MacDonald-Wilson, K., & Wallace, L. (2008). Results of an Innovative University-based Recovery Education Program for Adults with Psychiatric Disabilities. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 35(5), 357-369.
This study examined the effectiveness of an educational approach to psychiatric rehabilitation called the Recovery Center. Using a quasi-experimental design we recruited 97 intervention and 81 comparison participants and examined the intervention’s impact on health, mental health, subjective, and role functioning outcomes. Results suggested that this intervention was effective in improving subjective outcomes, especially empowerment and recovery attitudes, both of which received primary emphasis in the intervention. The Recovery Center, which integrates a bio-psychosocial framework with psycho-educational interventions shows promise as a complement to traditional mental health services in developing readiness for rehabilitation and promoting recovery among individuals with severe psychiatric disabilities.
Dunn, E. C., Wewiorski, N. J., & Rogers, E. S. (2008). The Meaning and Importance of Employment to People in Recovery from Serious Mental Illness: Results of a Qualitative Study. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 32(1), 59-62.
Objective: Given the high rates of unemployment and underemployment among individuals with psychiatric disabilities, only a small number of studies have investigated the role work has in the lives of people who have been successful vocationally during their recovery from serious mental illness. This study sought to add to existing literature by determining how individuals perceive work and its effect on their recovery.
Methods: We purposefully recruited self-referred participants at moderate to advanced levels of recovery and qualitatively analyzed semi-structured interviews conducted with 23 individuals to identify themes related to work in the context of recovery from serious mental illness.
Results: Participants described myriad positive benefits associated with paid employment, which conceptually fell across two main domains: work has personal meaning and work promotes recovery. Participants discussed the ways in which work fostered pride and self-esteem, offered financial benefits, provided coping strategies for psychiatric symptoms, and ultimately facilitated the process of recovery. Participants also discussed the importance and benefits associated with working in a helper-role and as consumer providers.
Conclusions: Overall, individuals reported that employment conferred significant benefits in their process of recovery from mental illness and that work played a central role in their lives and identities. The themes from this study should be considered when developing employment or other recovery-oriented programs for people with serious mental illness.
Ellison, M. L., Russinova, Z., Lyass, A., & Rogers, E. S. (2008). Professionals and Managers With Severe Mental Illness: Findings From a National Study. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 196(3), 179-189.
This study explores the capacity of individuals with severe mental illness to be employed in managerial or professional jobs and the correlates of their vocational success. Using purposive sampling techniques, we identified a national sample of 347 individuals for a mail survey who had succeeded in obtaining and retaining mid to upper level managerial or professional positions. The majority worked full-time and held their job for more than 2 years. Their vocational success was operationalized based on 4 employment outcomes: employment status (full-time vs. part-time), job tenure, occupational rank, and annual income. Key factors that contributed to respondents' vocational success were lesser severity of the illness as indicated by lack of lifetime receipt of disability benefits, capacity to manage one's own psychiatric condition, and higher education. Study findings point to the role of supported education and self-efficacy in promoting the employment outcomes among individuals with severe mental illnesses.
Farkas, M. (2008). Rehabilitation in the 21st Century-Partnership not Prescription. Research Insights, 5(3), 16-19.
Progressive general health care practices involve the patient and promote self determination. Psychiatric rehabilitation must also be based on choice, partnership and recovery. This commentary reviews Corring & Cook’s article from this perspective and points out implications for occupational therapists in the 21st century.
Farkas, M., Ashcraft, L., & Anthony, W. A. (2008). The 3C's for recovery services. Behavioral Healthcare, Feb., 24-27.
In 1993, Dr. Anthony introduced the concept of a recovery-oriented mental healthcare system, based on the notion of recovery advanced by people with severe mental illnesses initially researched by Harding and colleagues. A lot of discussion over the past few years has been about the importance of developing recovery-oriented practices, bolstered by the President's New Freedom Commission's report that called for services to adopt a recovery vision for the mental healthcare system. Mental healthcare organizations (providing treatment, crisis intervention, case management, rehabilitation, wellness, self-help, and/or other services) can opt to deliver these services with or without a recovery orientation. The critical question of how to actually put the New Freedom Commission's recommendations into practice has since dominated discussions in the field…
McCorkle, B., Rogers, E. S., Dunn, E., Lyass, A., & Wan, Y. (2008). Increasing Social Support for Individuals with Serious Mental Illness: Evaluating the Compeer Model of Intentional Friendship. Community Mental Health Journal.
We conducted a quasi-experimental study of Compeer, which matches community volunteers and people with SMI to increase social support. Seventy-five adults with SMI received community psychiatric treatments-usual (TAU) while 79 adults received Compeer services plus TAU. Compeer clients reported significant improvements in social support and a trend towards improved subjective well-being. After 6 months, social support increased >1 SD for 13%, increasing to 23% at 12 months, supporting qualitative research suggesting the ‘‘active ingredient’’ in intentional friendships often takes more than 1 year to develop. This subgroup of responders showed significant gains in subjective well-being and reductions in psychiatric symptoms.
Swarbrick, P., Hutchinson, D., & Gill, K. (2008). The Quest for Optimal Health: Can Education and Training Cure What Ails Us? International Journal of Mental Health, 37(2), 68-88.
This paper reviews the current need for training and education in the pursuit of optimal health for mental health consumers. Recommendations for building the capacity of consumers and the mental and medical health-care systems to support the self-directed recovery of health by persons living with mental illness are made.
