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Articles2004Below is a list of articles, abstracts, book chapters, or handbooks authored by Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation staff. Due to copyright laws some articles are not available for full-text download. In most cases, these articles are available for purchase after searching the publisher's web site. Anthony, W. A. (2004). The Principle of Personhood: The Field's Transcendent Principle. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 27(3), 205 As one who has done his share of suggesting principles to guide our efforts in serving people with severe mental illnesses, I was thinking about the fact that I could not remember all the principles my colleagues and I have suggested over the years. Some of the names of these principles that come immediately to mind are such principles as person involvement, growth orientation, hope, self-determination and choice. My next problem was I could not perfectly recall the definitions of the several principles that I could remember! If I could not remember all these important principles and their definitions, then how could these principles serve as my ready guide? My just diagnosed deficit in “remembering key principles” had me thinking further. Is there not just one simple principle that transcends all these others, a superordinate principle from which all other principles emanate? I think there is, and it is the principle of personhood. The personhood principle is defined simply as, “ people with severe mental illnesses are people.” I know what some of you are saying to yourself. “Duh—this is too simple and obvious… and besides we already know about applying this principle to what we do.” I think not.
Anthony, W. A. (2004). The Recovery Effect, Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 28(1) 1-2 A recent New Yorker article coined the term the Reeve Effect to characterize Christopher Reeve's unrelenting pressure on the scientific community to transform how medical research is conducted (Groopman, 2003). Reeve, the actor who eight years ago was paralyzed from the shoulders down in an equestrian competition, has made small but extraordinary progress toward his own recovery. His success at gaining some movement below his shoulders mystifies many scientists who simply believed progress like his was impossible. With each new day, Reeve and other advocates pressure the scientific community to conduct research that is more relevant to improving the lives of people who have a disability. Reeve believes that people such as he must play a role in how the scientific establishment sets priorities, funds, and conducts its research. Does the Reeve Effect sound hauntingly familiar to what must happen in mental health research?
Jones, D., Macias, C., Barreirs, Paul., Fisher, W., Hargreaves, W., Harding, C., (2004). Prevalence, Severity, and Co-occurance of Chronic Physical Health Problems of Persons With Serious Mental Illness. Psychiatric Services, (55) 1250-1257. This study examined Medicaid claims forms to determine the prevalence, severity, and co-occurrence of physical illness within a representative sample of persons with serious mental illness (N=147). METHODS: Representativeness of health problems in the study sample was established through comparison with a larger sample of persons with serious mental illness enrolled in Medicaid within the same state. Standardized annual costs were then assigned to Medicaid claims diagnoses, and individual health problem severity was measured as the sum of estimated treatment costs for diagnosed conditions. RESULTS: Seventy-four percent of the study sample (N=109) had been given a diagnosis of at least one chronic health problem, and 50 percent (N=73) had been given a diagnosis of two or more chronic health problems. Of the 14 chronic health conditions surveyed, chronic pulmonary illness was the most prevalent (31 percent incidence) and the most comorbid. Persons with chronic pulmonary illness were second only to those with infectious diseases in average annual cost of treatment ($8,277). Also, 50 percent or more of participants in eight other diagnostic categories had chronic pulmonary illness. A regression analysis identified age, obesity, and substance use disorders as significant predictors of individual health problem severity. CONCLUSIONS: Risk adjustment for physical health is essential when setting performance standards or cost expectations for mental health treatment. Excluding persons with chronic health problems from mental health service evaluations restricts generalizability of research findings and may promote interventions that are inappropriate for many persons with serious mental illness.
Rogers, E. S., Anthony, W. A., Lyass, A. (2004). The Nature and Dimensions of Social Support Among Individuals with Severe Mental Illnesses. Community Mental Health Journal, 40 (5), 437-450.
Recent research suggests that social support is associated with recovery from chronic diseases, greater life satisfaction, and enhanced ability to cope with life stressors. To further research in the area of social support and serious psychiatric disabilities, more reliable and valid measures are needed to assess this construct. The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of a widely used measure of social support (the Interpersonal Support Evaluation Checklist) among people with severe mental illness. We collected data on the ISEL's relationship to quality of life, self-esteem, psychiatric symptoms and vocational status among 147 participants. Factor and reliability analyses, as well as correlational analyses were undertaken. We found evidence for the reliability and validity of the ISEL when used with persons with severe mental illness. Taken together, our findings suggested that self-esteem, quality of life, and psychiatric symptoms were able to predict 38% of the variance in perceived social support. More favorable social supports increased the odds of being employed at 9months into the study and social support was predictive of experiencing fewer psychiatric symptoms. Some forms of social support were perceived less favorably with age, but no other demographic or clinical variables significantly predicted perceived social supports. Keywords: psychiatric disability, social supports, mental illness, vocational functioning
Wewiorski, N.J., & Fabian, E. S. (2004). Association between demographic and diagnostic factors and employment outcomes for people with psychiatric disabilities: A synthesis of recent research. Mental Health Services Research, 6(1), 9-21. Employment outcome for individuals with psychiatric disabilities has been a focus of empirical research over the past decade or so. The purpose of this paper is to review recent literature on the association between demographic and diagnostic factors and employment outcome, and to conduct meta analyses of the results of studies that report the association between these variables. Seventeen studies were included in these meta analyses. Results of the meta analyses tended to corroborate most of the significant findings found in the literature review. The authors review some of the issues for the meta-analyst interested in synthesizing research findings on employment outcome, including the challenges and limitations encountered in the published research currently available. Keywords: employment, outcome, factors, psychiatric, disability, meta-analysis
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