Boston University Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders

Psychotherapy and Emotion Research Laboratory (PERL)

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Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles

  • Ehlers, A., Hofmann, S. G., Herda, C. A., & Roth, W. T. (1994). Clinical characteristics of driving phobia. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 8, 323-339.
  • Newman, M. G., Hofmann, S. G., Trabert, W., Roth, W. T., & Taylor, C. B. (1994). Does behavioral treatment of social phobia lead to cognitive changes? Behavior Therapy, 25, 503-517.
  • DiBartolo, P. M., Hofmann, S. G., & Barlow, D. H.  (1995). Psychosocial approaches to panic disorder and agoraphobia: Assessment and treatment issues for the primary care physician. Mind/Body Medicine, 1, 1-12.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Ehlers, A., & Roth, W. T. (1995). Conditioning theory: A model for the etiology of public speaking anxiety? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 567-571.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Newman, M. G., Becker, E., Taylor, C. B., & Roth, W. T. (1995). Social phobia with and without avoidant personality disorder: Preliminary behavior therapy outcome findings. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 9, 427-438.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Newman, M. G., Ehlers, A., & Roth, W. T. (1995). Psychophysiological differences between subgroups of social phobia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 224-231. 
  • Hofmann, S. G. & Barlow, D. H. (1996). Ambulatory psychophysiological monitoring: A potentially useful tool when treating panic relapse. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 3, 53-61.
  • Hofmann, S. G. & Roth, W. T. (1996). Issues related to social anxiety among controls in social phobia research. Behavior Therapy, 27, 79-91.  
  • Roth, W. T., Breivik, G., Jørgenson, P. E., & Hofmann, S. G. (1996). Activation in novice and expert parachutists while jumping. Psychophysiology, 33, 63-72.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Gerlach, A., Wender, A., and Roth, W. T. (1997). Speech disturbances and gaze behavior during public speaking in subtypes of social phobia. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 11, 573-585
  • Hofmann, S. G., Lehman, C. L., & Barlow, D. H. (1997). How specific are specific phobias? Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 28, 233-240.
  • Grilo, C. M., Money, R., Barlow, D. H., Goddard, A. W., Gorman, J. M., Hofmann, S. G., Papp, L. A., Shear, M. K., & Woods, S. W. (1998).  Pretreatment patient factors predicting attrition from a multicenter randomized controlled treatment study for panic disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 39, 323-331.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Barlow, D. H., Papp, L. A., Detweiler, M., Ray, S., Shear, M. K., Woods, S. W., & Gorman, J. M. (1998).  Pretreatment attrition in a comparative treatment outcome study on panic disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 43-47.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Shear, M. K., Barlow, D. H., Gorman, J. M., Hershberger, D., Patterson, M., & Woods, S. W. (1998). Effects of panic disorder treatments on personality disorder characteristics. Depression and Anxiety, 8, 14-20. 
  • Bufka, L. F. & Hofmann, S. G. (1999). Modifying CBT to treat panic disorder in patients with schizophrenia. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 6, 10-15. 
  • Hofmann, S. G. (1999). Introducing the grandmother test into psychological science. Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology, 19, 167-176.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (1999). Relationship between panic and schizophrenia. Depression and Anxiety, 9, 101-106. 
  • Hofmann, S.G. (1999). The value of psychophysiological data for cognitive-behavioral treatment of panic disorder. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 6, 244-248.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Albano, A. M., Heimberg, R. G., Tracey, S., Chorpita, B. F., & Barlow, D. H. (1999). Subtypes of social phobia in adolescents. Depression and Anxiety, 9, 15-18.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Bufka, L., & Barlow, D. H. (1999). Panic provocation procedures in the treatment of panic disorder: Early perspectives and case studies. Behavior Therapy, 30, 307-319.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Lippe, W., & Bufka, L. F. (1999). Why do personality disorders change? Possible explanations from cognitive and psychodynamic models. Psychiatric Annals, 29, 725-729.
  • Hofmann, S. G. & Spiegel, D. A. (1999). Panic Control Treatment and its applications. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 8, 3-11.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2000). Self-focused attention before and after treatment of social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38, 717-725.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2000). Treatment of social phobia: Potential mediators and moderators.  Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 7, 3-16.
  • Hofmann, S. G. & DiBartolo, P. M. (2000). An instrument to assess self-statements during public speaking: Scale development and preliminary psychometric properties. Behavior Therapy, 31, 499-515. 
  • Hofmann, S. G., Bufka, L. F., Brady, S. M., DuRand, C., & Goff, D. C. (2000).  Cognitive-behavioral treatment of panic in patients with schizophrenia: Preliminary findings. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 14, 27-37.
  • Heinrichs, N. & Hofmann, S. G. (2001). Information processing in social phobia: A critical review. Clinical Psychology Review, 21, 751-770.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Levitt, J. T., Hoffman, E. C., Greene, K., Litz, B. T., & Barlow, D. H. (2001). Potentially traumatizing events in panic disorder and other anxiety disorders. Depression and Anxiety, 13, 101-102.
  • Heinrichs, N., Hoffman, E., & Hofmann, S. G. (2001). Cognitive-behavioral treatment for social phobia in Parkinson's disease: A single-case study. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 8, 329-335.
  • Baker, S. L., Heinrichs, N., Kim, H.-J., Hofmann, S. G. (2002). The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale as a self-report instrument: A preliminary psychometric analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40, 701-715.
  • Hofmann, S. G., & Heinrichs, N. (2002). Disentangling self-descriptions and self-evaluations under conditions of high self-focused attention: Effects of mirror exposure. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 661-620.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Moscovitch, D. M., & Heinrichs, N. (2002). Evolutionary mechanisms of fear and anxiety. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 16, 317-330.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2002). Fisher’s Fallacy and NHST’s flawed logic (letter). American Psychologist, 57, 69-70.   
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2002). More science, not less (letter). American Psychologist, 57, 462.
  • Lipsitz, J. D., Barlow, D. H., Mannuzza, S., Hofmann, S. G., & Fyer, A. J. (2002). Clinical features of four DSM-IV specific phobia subtypes. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 190, 471-478.
  • Yang, L. H., Apfel, R. J., & Hofmann, S. G. (2002). Grief, psychosis, and panic intervention with a psychotic patient:  Integrating psychodynamic and CBT approaches. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 10, 100-108.
  • Hofmann, S. G., & Heinrichs, N. (2003). Differential effect of mirror manipulation on self-perception in social phobia subtypes. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 27, 131-142.
  • Hofmann, S. G.  & Kim, H-J. (2003). Diagnosis and treatment of panic disorder: Case study and commentary. Journal of Clinical Outcomes Management, 10, 669-679.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Litz, B. T., & Weathers, F. W. (2003). Social anxiety, depression, and PTSD in Vietnam veterans. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 17, 573-582.
  • Silva, S. P., Kim, C., Hofmann, S. G., & Loula, E. C. (2003). To Be(lieve) or Not to Be(lieve): Cognitive and Psychodynamic Approaches to Delusional Disorder. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 11, 20-29.
  • Botella, C., Hofmann, S. G., & Moscovitch, M. (2004). A self-applied, internet-based intervention for fear of public speaking. Journal of Clinical Psychology/In Session, 60, 821-830.
  • Heinrichs, N., Hofmann, S. G., & Barlow, D. H. (2004). Non-specific encoding of threat in social phobia and panic disorder. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 33, 126-136.
  • Heinrichs, N. & Hofmann, S. G. (2004). Encoding processes in social anxiety. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 35, 57-74.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2004). Cognitive mediation of treatment change in social phobia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72, 392-399.
  • Hofmann, S. G., DiBartolo, P. M., Holaway, R. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (2004). Scoring error of social avoidance and distress scale and its psychometric implications. Depression and Anxiety, 19, 197-198.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Heinrichs, N., & Moscovitch, D. A. (2004). The nature and expression of social phobia: Toward a new classification. Clinical Psychology Review, 24, 769-797.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Moscovitch, D. A., Kim, H.-J., & Taylor, A. N. (2004). Changes in self-perception during treatment of social phobia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72, 588-596.
  • Liverant, G. L., Hofmann, S. G., & Litz, B. T. (2004). Coping and anxiety in college students after the September 11th terrorist attacks, Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 17, 127-139.
  • Reich, J., & Hofmann, S. G. (2004). State personality disorder in social phobia. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 16, 139-144.
  • Groden, J., Goodwin, M. S., Baron, M. G., Groden, G., Velicer, W. F., Lipsitt, L. P., Hofmann, S. G. , & Plummer, B. (2005). Assessing cardiovascular responses to stressors in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 20, 244-252.
  • Hinton, D. E., Chean, D., Pich, V., Safren, S. A, Hofmann, S. G., Pollack, M. H. (2005). A randomized controlled trial of CBT for Cambodian refugees with treatment-resistant PTSD and Panic Attacks: A cross-over design. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 28, 617-629.
  • Heinrichs, N. & Hofmann, S. G. (2005). Cognitive assessment of social anxiety: A comparison between self-report and thought listing methods. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 34, 3-15.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2005). Perception of control over anxiety mediates the relation between catastrophic thinking and social anxiety in social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43, 885-895.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Moscovitch, D. A., Litz, B. T., Kim, H.-J., Davis, L., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2005). The worried mind: Autonomic and prefrontal activation during worrying. Emotion, 5, 464-475.
  • Moscovitch, D. A., Hofmann, S. G., & Litz, B. T. (2005). The impact of self-construals on social anxiety: A gender-specific interaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 38, 659-672.
  • Moscovitch, D. A., Hofmann, S. G., Suvak, M., & In-Albon, T. (2005). Mediation of changes in anxiety and depression during treatment for social phobia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75, 945-952.
  • Zayfert, C., DeViva, J. C., & Hofmann, S.G. Comorbid PTSD and social phobia in a treatment-seeking population: An exploratory study (2005). Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 193, 93-101.
  • Campbell-Sills, L., Barlow, D. H., Brown, T. A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2006). Effects of suppression and acceptance on emotional responses of individuals with anxiety and mood disorders. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1251-1263.
  • Campbell-Sills, L., Barlow, D. H., Brown, T. A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2006). Acceptability of negative emotion in anxiety and mood disorders. Emotion, 6, 587-595.
  • Goodwin, M. S., Groden, J., Velicer, W. F., Lipsitt, L. P., Baron, M. G., Hofmann, S. G., & Groden, G (2006). Cardiovascular arousal in individuals with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 21, 100-123.
  • Heinrichs, N., Rapee, R. M., Alden, L. A., Bögels, S., Hofmann, S. G., Oh, K. J., & Sakano, Y. (2006). Cultural differences in perceived social norms and social anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 4, 1187-1197.
  • Hinton, D. E., Chhean, D., Pich, V., Hofmann, S. G., & Barlow, D. H (2006). Tinnitus among Cambodian refugees: Relationship to PTSD severity. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 19, 541-546.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2006). The emotional consequences of social pragmatism: The psychophysiological consequences of self-monitoring. Biological Psychology, 73, 169-173.
  • Hofmann, S. G., & Kim, H.-J. (2006). Anxiety goes under the skin: Behavioral inhibition, anxiety, and autonomic arousal in speech anxious males. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1441-1451.
  • Hofmann, S. G. & Loh, R. (2006). The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire: Changes during psychological treatment of social phobia. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 40, 214-220.
  • Hofmann S. G., Meuret, A. E., Smits, J. A. J., Simon, N. M., Pollack, M. H., Eisenmenger, K., Shiekh, M., & Otto, M. W. (2006).  Augmentation of exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder with d-cycloserine. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63, 298-304.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Moscovitch, D. A., & Kim, H.-J. (2006). Autonomic correlates of social anxiety and embarrassment in shy and non-shy individuals. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 61, 134-142.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Pollack, M. H. & Otto, M. O. (2006). Augmentation treatment of psychotherapy for anxiety disorders with d-cycloserine. CNS Drug Reviews, 12, 208-217.
  • Hofmann, S. G. & Scepkowski, L. A. (2006). Social self-reappraisal therapy for social phobia: Preliminary findings. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 20, 45-57.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Schulz, S. M., Meuret, A. M., Moscovitch, D. M., & Suvak, M. (2006). Sudden gains during therapy of social phobia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74, 687-697.
  • Hofmann, S. G. & Suvak, M. (2006). Treatment attrition during group therapy for social phobia. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 20, 961-972.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Suvak, M., & Litz, B. T. (2006). Sex differences in face recognition and influence of facial affect. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1683-1690.
  • Kollman, D. M., Brown, T. A., Liverant, G. I., & Hofmann, S. G. (2006). A taxometric investigation of the latent structure of social anxiety disorder in outpatients with anxiety and mood disorders. Depression and Anxiety, 23, 190-199.
  • Meuret, A. E., White, K. S., Ritz, T., Roth, W. T., Hofmann, S. G. & Brown, T. A. (2006). Panic attack symptom dimensions and their relationship to illness characteristics in panic disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 40, 520-527.
  • Moscovitch, D. A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2006). When ambiguity hurts: Social standards moderate self-appraisals in generalized social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 1039-1052.
  • Alpers, G. W., & Hofmann, S. G. (2007). The American Way: Die Psychotherapieausbildung in den USA. Verhaltenstherapie & Psychosoziale Praxis, 39, 195-201.
  • Ehlers, A., Taylor, J. E., Ehring, T., Hofmann, S. G., Deane, F. P., Roth, W. T., & Podd, J. V. (2007). The Driving Cognitions Questionnaire: Development and preliminary psychometric properties. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 21, 493-509.
  • Fogler, J. M., Tompson, M. C., Steketee, G. S., & Hofmann, S. G. (2007). Influence of expressed emotion and perceived criticism on cognitive-behavioral therapy for social phobia. Behavioural Research and Therapy, 45, 235-249.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2007). Treating avoidant personality disorder: The case of Paul. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 21, 346-352.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2007). Trait affect moderates cortical activation in response to state affect. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 63, 258-264.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2007). Enhancing exposure-based therapy from a translational research perspective. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 1987-2001.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2007). Cognitive factors that maintain social anxiety disorder: A comprehensive model and its treatment implications. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 36, 195-209.
  • Hofmann, S. G. & Bitran, S. (2007). Sensory-processing sensitivity in social anxiety disorder: Relationship to harm avoidance and diagnostic subtypes. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 21, 944-954.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Meuret, A. E., Rosenfield, D., Suvak, M. K., Barlow, D. H., Gorman, J. M., Shear, M. K., & Woods, S. W. (2007). Preliminary evidence for cognitive mediation during cognitive behavioral therapy for panic disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75, 374-379.
  • Otto, M. W., Basden, S., Leyro, T.M., McHugh, K., & Hofmann, S. G. (2007). Clinical perspectives on the combination of d-cycloserine and CBT for the treatment of anxiety disorders. CNS Spectrums, 12, 51-61.  
  • Hinton, D., Hofmann, S. G., Pitman, R. K., Pollack, M. H., & Barlow, D. H. (2008). The panic attack-PTSD model: applicability to orthostatic panic among Cambodian refugees. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 37, 101-116.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2008). Cognitive processes during fear acquisition and extinction in animals and humans: Implications for exposure therapy of anxiety disorders. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 200-211.
  • Hofmann, S. G. (2008). Common misconceptions about cognitive mediation of treatment change: A commentary to Longmore and Worrell (2007). Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 67-70.
  • Hofmann, S. G. & Asmundson, G. J. (2008). Acceptance and mindfulness-based therapy: New wave or old hat? Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 1-16.
  • Rief, W., & Hofmann, S. G. (2008). The missing data problem in meta-analyses (letter). Archives of General Psychiatry, 65, 238.
  • Santesso, D. L., Meuret, A. E., Hofmann, S. G. Mueller, E. M., Ratner, K. G., Roesch, E. B., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2008). Electrophysiological correlates of spatial orienting towards angry faces: A source localization study. Neuropsychologia, 46, 1338-1348.
  • Schulz, S.M., Alpers, G. W., Hofmann, S. G. (2008). Negative self-focused cognitions mediate the effect of trait social anxiety on state anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 438-449.
  • Stoddard. J. A., Rosellini, A. J., & Hofmann, S. G. (2008). Single case evaluation of an intensive cognitive behavioral treatment for generalized social anxiety disorder. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 1, 113-123.
  • Hinton, D., Chhean, D., Hofmann, S. G., Orr, S. P., & Pitman, R. K. (in press). Dizziness-and palpitations-predominant orthostatic panic: Physiology, flashbacks, and catastrophic cognitions. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment.
  • Hofmann (in press). ACT: New wave or Morita Therapy? Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice.
  • Hofmann, S. G. & Smits, J. A. J. (in press). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for adult anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry.
  • Otto, M. W., Basden, S. L., McHugh, R. K., Kantak, K. M., Deckersbach, T., Cather, C., Goff, D. C., Hofmann, S. G., Berry, A. C., & Smits, J. A. J. (in press).  Effects of d-cycloserine administration on weekly non-emotional memory tasks in healthy participants.  Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics.
  • Rytwinski, N. K., Fresco, D. M., Heimberg, R. G., Coles, M. E., Liebowitz, M. R., Cissell, S., Stein, M. B., & Hofmann, S. G. (in press). Screening for social anxiety disorder with the self-report version of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. Depression and Anxiety.
  • Smits, A. J., & Hofmann (in press). A meta-analytic review of the effects of psychotherapy control conditions for anxiety disorders. Psychological Medicine.