Department of Astronomy

The following list reflects the 2006/2007 faculty.

Chairman James Jackson

Associate Chairman Kenneth A. Janes

Director of Graduate Studies Meers Oppenheim

Thomas M. Bania Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. AB, Brown University; MS, PhD, University of Virginia

Sunanda Basu Research Professor of Astronomy and Space Physics, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. BSc, PhD, Calcutta University (India); AM, Boston University

Elizabeth Blanton Clare Boothe Luce Assistant Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. AB, Vassar College; MA, MPhil, PhD, Columbia University

Tereasa Brainerd Associate Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences; Director, Institute for Astrophysical Research. BSc, University of Alberta (Canada); PhD, The Ohio State University

Kenneth Brecher Director, Science and Mathematics Education Center; Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. BS, PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Supriya Chakrabarti Director, Center for Space Physics; Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. BE, University of Calcutta (India); MS, PhD, University of California, Berkeley

Jiasheng Chen Research Assistant Professor of Astronomy and Space Physics, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. BS, Peking University (China); MS, Chinese Academy of Sciences (China); PhD, University of Delaware

John Clarke Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. BS, Denison University; MA, PhD, Johns Hopkins University

Dan Clemens Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. BS, BS, University of California, Davis; MS, MS, PhD, University of Massachusetts

Timothy Cook Associate Research Professor of Astronomy and Space Physics, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. BA, Johns Hopkins University; PhD, University of Colorado

Nancy Crooker Research Professor of Astronomy and Space Physics, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. BA, Knox College; MA, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles

Theodore A. Fritz Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. BS, Virginia Polytechnic Institute; MS, PhD, University of Iowa

Charles C. Goodrich Research Professor of Astronomy and Space Physics, College of Arts and Sciences. BS, PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

W. Jeffrey Hughes Director, Center for Integrated Space Weather Modeling; Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. BSc, PhD, University of London (England)

James Jackson Chairman, Department of Astronomy; Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. BS, Pennsylvania State University; PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Kenneth A. Janes Associate Chairman, Department of Astronomy; Director of Undergraduate Studies; Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. AB, Harvard College; MS, San Diego State University; MA, MPhil, PhD, Yale University

John Lyon Research Professor of Astronomy and Space Physics, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. ScB, Brown University; PhD, University of Maryland

Alan P. Marscher Director, Center for Excellence in Teaching; Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. BS, Cornell University; MS, PhD, University of Virginia

Michael Mendillo Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. BS, Providence College; MA, PhD, Boston University

Meers Oppenheim Director of Graduate Studies, Department of Astronomy; Associate Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. BS, PhD, Cornell University

Jack Quinn Research Professor of Astronomy and Space Physics, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; Executive Director, Center for Integrated Space Weather Modeling. BA, University of Colorado; MS, PhD, University of California, San Diego

Nathan Schwadron Associate Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. BA, Oberlin College; PhD, University of Michigan

George Siscoe Research Professor of Astronomy and Space Physics, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. BS, PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Harlan Spence Professor of Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences. BA, Boston University; MS, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles

William L. Oliver Associate Professor of Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering, College of Engineering. BS, Georgia Institute of Technology; MS, Auburn University; PhD, University of Illinois

Joshua Semeter Assistant Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering. BS, PhD, Boston University

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Faculty Research

Faculty research is coordinated through the Institute for Astrophysical Research and the Center for Space Physics, research units closely affiliated with the department. Faculty research interests include observational and theoretical studies in galactic and extragalactic astrophysics, magnetospheric and ionospheric physics, planetary/cometary atmospheres, space plasma physics, star formation and galactic structure, stars and star clusters, active galaxies and quasars, high-energy and particle astrophysics, galaxy formation, and cosmology.

Research Instrumentation and Facilities

Members of the Department of Astronomy—faculty, staff, and students—use a wide range of instrumentation and facilities in their scientific research. Some of this instrumentation is developed locally and is used at a variety of locations, including the Boston University campus. In many cases, however, the researcher needs to use the unique instrumentation available at national and international centers for research in astronomy, atmospheric physics, and space physics.

Research Facilities Developed at Boston University

Facilities for instructional observing are maintained at the Judson B. Coit Observatory on the roof of the College of Arts and Sciences building and elsewhere within 
the department. The facilities include a 6.5" refractor, 5 portable 8" reflectors, a 10" reflector, a 14" reflector, a spectroscopic telescope, and a small radio telescope. The department also maintains a comprehensive astronomical research library with subscriptions to nearly 50 scientific journals and comprehensive sky surveys.

Computational Resources An extensive network of computer facilities supports the research program and links the well over one hundred computers and workstations in the department to campus-wide facilities. For intensive computational research, students have access to the university’s parallel processor supercomputers and advanced graphics and visualization facilities supported by the Center for Computational Science and the Office of Information Technology.

Lowell Observatory Boston University and Lowell Observatory are equal partners in the operation of the 72-inch Perkins Telescope on Anderson Mesa near Flagstaff, Arizona. The Perkins Telescope is used primarily for optical and infrared imaging, polarimetry, and spectroscopy. The telescope is equipped with two Boston University instruments: MIMIR for infrared imaging, polarimetry, and spectroscopy, and PRISM for optical imaging.

MIRSI Camera MIRSI (Mid-Infrared Spectrometer and Imager) is a mid-infrared camera system with both spectroscopic and imaging capabilities. MIRSI is available for observations as a facility instrument at the Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) on Mauna Kea, Hawaii.

CEDAR Imager (Coupling, Energetics, and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions) A National Science Foundation-sponsored facility, the CEDAR program’s Class-1 CCD Imager was designed and built at Boston University. Class-1 images now operate at the Haystack Observatory/Millstone Hill complex in Westford, Massachusetts (approximately 60 miles from campus) and at several other sites. The imager operates in all-sky (180-degree field of view) mode to record emissions from the ionosphere associated with solar-terrestrial disturbances.

Planetary Environment Imaging Spectrograph and Monochromatic Imager These imaging systems provide six degree fields of view and are used to search for large-scale, faint emissions associated with solar system bodies. They have been used at a variety of remote sites, and are now integrated into a facility at the McDonald Observatory in Texas, where a 20" telescope forms the basis of the system.

MACCS (Magnetometer Array for Cusp and Cleft Studies) This array of 12 magnetometers in arctic Canada is operated by Boston University in collaboration with Augsburg College. The magnetic variations recorded are used to study magnetospheric waves and dynamic flows.

Hancock VLBA Site (Very Long Baseline Array) One of the ten stations of the VLBA transcontinental radio interferometer array operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) is located at Boston University’s Sargent Camp near Hancock, New Hampshire. Each station has a 25-meter diameter radiotelescope and associated computers and electronics. The array operates at centimeter wavelengths and produces images of quasars and other compact objects with resolutions as fine as 0.0002 arcseconds.

NEROC Haystack Observatory (Northeast Radio Observatory Consortium) Boston University is a member of the Northeast Radio Observatory Consortium, which operated the Haystack Observatory in Westford, Massachusetts. Haystack is a 43-meter diameter radiotelescope that has been used primarily for sensitive centimeter-wave spectroscopy of the interstellar medium. It is now being upgraded for operation as one of the largest millimeter-wave telescopes in the world.

National and International Research Centers Used by Boston University Researchers

Below is a partial list of the national and international research center facilities recently used by faculty, staff, and students to conduct research in astronomy, aeronomy, and space physics.

Astronomy and Astrophysics NAIC Arecibo Observatory; NRAO GBT; NRAO VLA; NRAO VLBA; NOAO Kitt Peak; NOAO Cerro-Tololo; Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory; Mauna Kea (United Kingdom Infrared Telescope Facility; Canada-France-Hawaii telescope; California Submillimeter Observatory; James Clerk Maxwell submillimeter telescope); NASA Hubble Space telescope; Max Planck Institute for Radioastronomy 100-meter telescope; IRAM 30-meter telescope; satellites (Einstein; Infrared Space Observatory; ROSAT; Exosat; International Ultraviolet Explorer; Gamma Ray Observatory; Hubble Space Telescope; X-Ray Timing Explorer; Chandra; XMM Newton; Spitzer Space Telescope).

Aeronomy and Space Physics Millstone Hill Radar/Haystack Observatory, Westford, Massachusetts; Sondrestian Fjord Radar, Greenland; ALTAIR Radar, Kwajalein (Marshall Islands); NASA Sounding Rockets, Wallops Island, Virginia; McDonald Observatory, Fort Davis, Texas; Arecibo Observatory; Auroral Observatory and Optical Facility in Svalbard, Norway; Jicamarca Incoherent Scatter Radar Facility in Peru; EISCAT Radar in Tromso, Norway; Laurel Ridge optical facility in Pennsylvania; Pine Bluff observatory in Madison, Wisconsin; NASA Space Shuttle; and many spacecraft.

The Graduate Program

The Department of Astronomy offers a PhD program in astronomy for students interested in research and academic careers in astrophysics and space physics, and an MA program in astronomy for those interested in careers in scientific applications, scientific computing, and other related fields.

The Center for Space Physics, a unit devoted to research in solar system atmospheres, plasmas, and magnetic fields, and the Institute for Astrophysical Research, a unit devoted to research in astronomy and astrophysics, are affiliated with the department. The faculty and graduate students in the department are typically also members of the center or the institute.

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Degree Programs

The graduate program consists of formal courses in astronomy and original research work conducted under the guidance of a faculty advisor. During the first academic year, students generally concentrate on foundation coursework; a thesis research area is usually chosen during the second year. Original research, the most important part of the graduate program, occupies much of the student’s time after the first year. Formal admission to PhD candidacy is based on satisfactory performance in coursework and on the Comprehensive Examination, which is administered to ensure that students have mastered the basic physics and astronomy necessary for research in astronomy and space science. There is no foreign language requirement for the PhD or MA degrees in astronomy. Further information about the Graduate School’s residence, dissertation, and final oral examination requirements for both the MA and PhD programs may be found in the Admission; Policies and Procedures section of this site.

Graduate students are supported through University Fellowships or Department of Astronomy scholarships, teaching fellowships, and research assistantships. The normal procedure is for students to receive a fellowship in the first year or two and then to be supported with research assistantships when they begin working closely with individual faculty members in their research.

Seminars and Colloquia Faculty, visiting scientists, and graduate students present their research work and review current topics of interest in two regular colloquium and seminar series—one in astrophysics and one in space physics. Graduate students may receive course credit for work done in seminars; all graduate students are expected to attend colloquia and those seminars that are relevant to their general research areas.

Admission Tests and Prerequisites Applicants to the graduate program should have a strong physics background implied by a bachelor’s degree in either physics or astronomy. Undergraduate credits in physics should include upper-level courses in mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, optics, and thermodynamics/statistical mechanics. Mathematics through differential equations is required, and courses in introductory astronomy and/or astrophysics are highly recommended. Applicants should have a cumulative GPA equivalent to B or higher as a minimum requirement; admission is competitive, based on a number of factors including grades, letters of recommendation, and scores on the GRE examinations.

To be considered for admission it is necessary to submit the Application for Graduate Admission (available from the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences) and three letters of recommendation. All applicants are required to submit Graduate Record Examination (GRE) scores, including the Subject Test in Physics. Applicants whose native language is not English must have a TOEFL exam score or must demonstrate equivalent proficiency in the English language.

Further information on graduate programs and financial aid may be obtained from: Graduate Admissions Committee, Department of Astronomy, Boston University, 725 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215; 617-353-5705.

MA in Astronomy

The MA in Astronomy requires completion of a total of eight graduate courses in astronomy and physics with a grade of B– or higher. At least six of these must be astronomy courses numbered 700–799. In addition, the candidate must either pass the written Astronomy Comprehensive Examination or write a formal thesis describing a research project carried out by the student and directed by a faculty member.

The master’s thesis must give evidence of the candidate’s ability to understand, critically evaluate, and competently carry forward previous scientific investigation. This is achieved by an advancement in an experimental technique, an extension in the application of a physical theory, or the accumulation of new data or observational material. A thesis is required to demonstrate the candidate’s ability to present the results of his or her work in a logical and coherent manner. The thesis is judged in an oral examination administered by a committee of three faculty members, including the student’s advisor. A prospectus of the thesis must be approved by the committee at least six months prior to the oral examination.

The Comprehensive Exam is given in May each year and is normally taken in the student’s second year of graduate school. See entry under the “PhD in Astronomy” section below for details.

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PhD in Astronomy

Admission into the PhD program follows upon completion of the requirements for the master’s degree, but well-prepared candidates holding a bachelor’s degree may be admitted directly into the PhD program. Requirements for the PhD degree are as follows:

1. Coursework—Students entering the program without a master’s degree must pass a total of 16 courses in graduate-level astronomy and physics with a grade of B– or higher. Of these, eight must be astronomy courses numbered 701–749, three must be astronomy courses numbered 750–799 or physics courses numbered 500–849, and one must be the combination of two 2-credit astronomy seminar courses: GRS AS 850, 851 or AS 865, 866. No more than four of the sixteen courses may be numbered 900–919. Students entering with a master’s degree must take a minimum of eight graduate level courses in astronomy or physics. Of these eight, at least three must be numbered 701–749, three must be astronomy courses numbered 750–799, and one must be the combination of two 2-credit astronomy seminar courses: GRS AS 850, 851, or AS 865, 866. No more than one of the eight courses may be numbered 900–919.
2. Written Comprehensive Examination—A student must pass the written Astronomy Comprehensive Examination and the Oral Qualifying Examination (see below) in order to be admitted to PhD candidacy. The Comprehensive Exam consists of two three-hour written tests administered on two separate days. The exam is designed to test the student’s ability to solve quantitative problems in astrophysics and space physics using both his/her knowledge of the material covered in the core courses (GRS AS 700–749), as well as application of basic physical principles.
3. Oral Qualifying Examination—After passing the Comprehensive Examination, a student must take the Oral Qualifying Examination within the subsequent academic year. During this year the student should undertake a directed research project with a member of the faculty. Ideally, the research should lead to a potential dissertation topic. The purpose of this directed research is to ensure that the student has the preparation and the ability to conduct the original research required for the PhD thesis. It is expected that the directed research will lead to publishable results. The Oral Qualifying Examination is based on the directed research: the student presents the results of the research in a formal seminar and is examined afterward by a panel consisting of the student’s research advisor and other members of the Department of Astronomy faculty. The panel questions the student, not only about his or her research, but also about the student’s knowledge of related fields of physics and astronomy.
4. PhD Dissertation—The PhD dissertation can be on any topic in astronomy, astrophysics, or space physics. The dissertation must represent original scientific research that contributes substantially to the advancement of the field. Within three months of successful completion of the Oral Qualifying Exam, the student selects a tentative dissertation topic and the department assigns first and second readers for the dissertation. The student and his/her advisor select three additional members of the PhD examining committee. At least one of the members of the PhD examining committee must be from outside the Department of Astronomy and preferably from outside Boston University. The membership of the committee must be approved by the department. A prospectus of the dissertation must be approved by the PhD examining committee, reviewed by the Department of Astronomy faculty, and further approved by the department chairman and director of graduate studies at least one calendar year prior to the final oral examination. The prospectus is subject to further review by the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. The PhD examining committee should meet with the candidate at least twice per calendar year to monitor the candidate’s progress toward completing the dissertation.
5. Final Oral Examination— Candidates must defend their dissertations as worthy contributions to scientific knowledge and demonstrate mastery of related fields of physics and astronomy. The defense is carried out at a final oral examination, consisting of a public presentation of the dissertation research and an examination of the candidate by the PhD examining committee. An abstract summarizing the research and the scientific results of the dissertation must be submitted to the readers at least five weeks prior to the final oral examination. The abstract is limited to a maximum of 350 words and must be written in proper, formal English. Upon approval of a final draft by the readers, the abstract must be approved by the chairman and director of graduate studies of the Department of Astronomy and submitted to the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences at least three weeks prior to the final oral examination. Prior to the examination the abstract is made available for comment to all members of the Department of Astronomy faculty. Abstracts are subject to review by the Graduate School as well as by the Provost. At least four members of the PhD examining committee must vote to pass the candidate. Failure to achieve four votes of “pass” constitutes a failure, in which case the candidate must leave the PhD program without obtaining the PhD degree. Upon successful completion of the final oral examination, the final version of the dissertation and abstract, as revised following comments and suggestions by the PhD examination committee and the Department of Astronomy faculty, must be approved by the readers, as well as by the chairman and director of graduate studies of the Department of Astronomy. The candidate should consult the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences for the precise format and number of copies of the dissertation to be submitted to the Graduate School.

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Courses

GRS AS 699 Teaching College Astronomy I

The goals, contents, and methods of instruction in astronomy. General teaching/learning issues. Required of all teaching fellows. Staff. 2 cr, both sem.

GRS AS 701 Introduction to Astrophysics

Introduction to astronomical and astrophysical nomenclature and concepts. Coordinate systems, celestial orbits, radiation, stars, stellar structure, stellar evolution, clusters of stars, galactic components, galactic structure, galaxy types, active galaxies, cosmology. Blanton, Brecher, Jackson, Janes. 4 cr, 2nd sem.

GRS AS 703 Introduction to Space Physics

Survey of physical phenomena in the sun, solar wind, magnetospheres, ionospheres, and upper atmospheres of objects in the solar system. Introduction to the physical processes governing space plasmas, solar-terrestrial interactions, and ionized and neutral media surrounding the Earth and other solar system bodies. Hughes, Mendillo, Spence. 4 cr, 2nd sem.

GRS AS 710 Observational Techniques

Telescopes, light detection, and analysis tools and techniques of experimental astronomy. Signal-to-noise calculations. Photometric and spectroscopic instrumentation and applications. Use of the observatory, CCD light detectors, modern software analysis tools, image processing. Proposal writing and science writing. Chakrabarti, Clarke, Clemens, Janes. 4 cr, 1st sem.

GRS AS 712 Radiative Processes in Astrophysics

Generation, propagation, and transfer of electromagnetic radiation. Spectral energy distributions, continuum radiation, spectral lines. Interaction of radiation with matter, transfer of radiation through astrophysical media. Thermal and nonthermal radiative processes. Bania, Janes. 4 cr, 2nd sem.

GRS AS 713 Astronomical Spectroscopy

Spectroscopic processes in astrophysics. Energy levels in atoms and molecules. Atomic and molecular spectral lines. Excitation of atoms and molecules. Transfer of line radiation. Spectroscopic instruments. Derivation of physical parameters from spectroscopic observations. Clemens, Jackson. 4 cr, 2nd sem.

GRS AS 725 Gravitational Astrophysics

Orbital theory: two-body and three-body problems. Gravitational encounters. N-body problem and star/galaxy clusters. Precession and nutation. Special and General relativity. Collapsed stellar objects and black holes. Gravitational lensing. Brainerd, Brecher. 4 cr, 1st sem.

GRS AS 726 Cosmic Gas Dynamics

Gas dynamics as applied to astrophysical settings. Basic fluid mechanics. Ideal gases. One-dimensional gas flow. Supersonic flows and shock waves. Quasar jets and stellar winds. Fluid instabilities, turbulence, and convection. Hughes, Marscher. 4 cr, 2nd sem.

GRS AS 727 Cosmic Plasma Physics

Physics of astrophysical and space plasmas. Magnetohydrodynamic waves and instabilities. Magnetoionic theory, electron waves, ion waves. Kinetic theory of waves in plasmas. Landau damping. Kinetic instabilities. Quasi-linear theory. Particle trapping. Fritz, Hughes, Oppenheim, Spence. 4 cr, 1st sem.

GRS AS 751 Galactic Astronomy and the Interstellar Medium

Prereq: GRS AS 712, AS 713, AS 726, or consent of instructor. Physical processes in interstellar gas; gaseous nebulae; star formation; neutral hydrogen and galactic structure; molecular clouds, ionized hydrogen regions, planetary nebulae, supernova remnants; dust and extinction; cosmic rays and the galactic magnetic field. Bania, Clemens, Jackson. 4 cr, 2nd sem.

GRS AS 753 Stars and Stellar Systems

Prereq: GRS AS 712, AS 713, AS 725, AS 726, or consent of instructor. Stellar interiors and atmospheres; determination of physical properties of stars through observations; binary and multiple stars; star clusters; novae and supernovae; stellar evolution and the chemical evolution of the galaxy. Brecher, Janes. 4 cr, 1st sem.

GRS AS 757 High-Energy Astrophysics

Prereq: GRS AS 712, AS 725, AS 726, AS 727, or consent of instructor. Physics of interactions between high-energy particles and photons. Compton scattering; nuclear collisions; acceleration and energy losses of high-energy particles; neutrino production; physics of cosmic rays; pulsars; accretion onto compact objects; active galactic nuclei and other high-energy phenomena. Brecher, Marscher. 4 cr, 1st sem.

GRS AS 759 Galaxies and Cosmology

Prereq: GRS AS 712, AS 713, AS 725, AS 726, or consent of instructor. Appearance, content, and physical properties of galaxies. Distances to galaxies and the Hubble Law. Active galaxies and quasars. Geometrical and physical cosmology — the Big Bang model and the early universe. Formation of galaxies and large-scale structure. Alternative cosmologies. Blanton, Brainerd, Brecher, Marscher. 4 cr, 2nd sem.

GRS AS 781 Planetary Atmospheres

Prereq: GRS AS 726 or consent of instructor. Planetary and cometary atmospheres; atmospheric vertical mixing; radiative processes; catalytic ozone destruction; aurorae and airglow; planetary ionospheres; energy budgets. Planetary evolution: solar nebula, outgassing, water loss on Venus and Mars, escape of light gases, greenhouse effect, isotope fractionation, impact theory. Clarke. 4 cr, 2nd sem.

GRS AS 783 Ionospheres

Prereq: GRS AS 712, AS 713, AS 726, AS 727, or consent of instructor. The formation of the ionosphere. The structure and dynamics of the ionosphere and thermosphere. Aeronomy. Thermosphere/ionosphere coupling. Ionospheric electric fields and current systems. Ionospheric storms. Ionospheric waves and irregularities. Active experiments in space. Radio and optical ionospheric diagnostics. Chakrabarti, Mendillo. 4 cr, 1st sem.

GRS AS 785 Magnetospheres

Prereq: GRS AS 712, AS 713, AS 726, AS 727, or consent of instructor. Solar wind/magnetosphere interaction. Magnetospheric dynamics and substorms. Magnetospheric electric fields and current systems. Ionosphere/magnetosphere coupling. The aurora. Magnetospheric plasma waves and instabilities. In situ plasma and field diagnostics. Fritz, Hughes, Spence. 4 cr, 1st sem.

GRS AS 791 Special Topics in Astrophysics

Lecture course examining special topics of current interest in astrophysics. Offered as a 2- or 4-credit course, depending on the topic. Staff. 1st sem.

GRS AS 793 Special Topics in Space Physics

Lecture course examining special topics of current interest in solar system space physics. Offered as a 2- or 4-credit course, depending on the topic. Staff.  2nd sem.

GRS AS 850, 851 Astrophysics Seminar

Weekly seminar offering graduate students and advanced undergraduates discussions of current research topics in astrophysics with staff and visiting scientists. Staff. 2 cr each sem.

GRS AS 865, 866 Space Physics Seminar

Weekly seminar offering graduate students and advanced undergraduates discussions of current research topics in space physics with staff and visiting scientists. Staff. 2 cr each sem.

GRS AS 901, 902 Research in Astronomy

Aarons, Bania, Basu, Blanton, Brainerd, Brecher, Chakrabarti, Chen, Clarke, Clemens, Cook, Crooker, Fritz, Goodrich, Hughes, Jackson, Janes, Lyon, Marscher, Mendillo, Oppenheim, Quinn, Schwadron, Siscoe, Spence. Variable cr, 1st & 2nd sem.

GRS AS 911, 912 Directed Study in Astronomy

Aarons, Bania, Basu, Blanton, Brainerd, Brecher, Chakrabarti, Chen, Clarke, Clemens, Cook, Crooker, Fritz, Goodrich, Hughes, Jackson, Janes, Lyon, Marscher, Mendillo, Oppenheim, Quinn, Schwadron; Siscoe, Spence. Variable cr, 1st & 2nd sem.

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Boston, MA 02215

31 October 2007
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