Khemya Clarice Mit Rahina
Khemyah@aol.com
Stanislaus/Northern California/Modesto, CA,
represented by EOP

Liberation on a higher frequency.
My interest and focus is dedicated and directed towards introducing innovation of liberation and development into community, as well as addressing an ongoing struggle that prevents renewal for groups who have suffered from the acts of slavery, oppression and poverty.The Address of Introduction: Afurthered Liberation, Innovation and Wholistic Development of Self,"How can liberation of Self, innovation and wholistic development affect the reationales and development that has served to separate Mind, Body and spirit? Looking at histories that have hindered liberation of Self with processes of Reductionism; Perspectives of Control and Domination; Material gain dominated over Spiritual; Exploitation; Lack of Collective/collaboration v competitive histories; Lack of Collective Consciousness as a Sacred History and healing of the Village." Citing "In becoming a bridge over troubled waters within the areas of Materialism and Spirituality, it is a journey of quest to remain true to the balance of the elements in the Universe and Natural laws in connection to inner harmony of Self, community and Nation. Let us begin to understand the inner organization of Self in the fullest potential and in this everlasting struggle for self-liberation and righteousness."

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Khemya Clarice Mit Rahina
Khemyah@aol.com
Stanislaus/Northern California/Modesto, CA,

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Khemya Clarice Mit Rahina
Khemyah@aol.com
Stanislaus/Northern California/Modesto, CA

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George Owusu
George.Owusu@svt.ntnu.no
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
Geography

Changing views on the Role of Small Towns in Rural and Regional Development in Africa.
This paper looks at the changing perceptions on the role of small towns in rural and regional development in Africa resulting from changes or shifts in development paradigms. It argues that, one cannot understand small towns’ growth and development in Africa without one pondering on the changing views on development in general. It argues further for a decentralised approach to development incorporating local views and knowledge in the shaping of Africa’s urban and rural places. Within this framework, the renewed interest in small towns in Africa, and their characterisation as engines of growth should recognise the needs of particular territories and regions in terms of specific socio-cultural, historical and institutional conditions. Unless this is recognised and applied, we may end with inadequate results and a frenzy search for a new development paradigm and a vision for Africa’s urban places.

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Derick Fay
dfay@bu.edu
bu
anthro

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