Abbreviations and Symbols

Following is the system of abbreviations and symbols used in the course listings that appear throughout this bulletin.

Part of each course number is an alphabetical prefix that indicates the University school, college, or program (first three letters) and the department (next two letters) in which the course originates. For example, CAS HI 102 indicates a course in the College of Arts & Sciences, Department of History. The alphabetical prefixes used in this bulletin are explained in a table below.

The number indicates the course’s level of difficulty. A general guide follows. Should a school or college attach more specific meanings or stipulations to the numerical level, these will be explained in that school’s section of the bulletin.

000–099
Nondegree, no credit
100–199
General undergraduate
200–299
Intermediate undergraduate
300–399
Advanced undergraduate
400–599
Advanced undergraduate and/or graduate level
600–799
General graduate
800–899
Advanced graduate
900–999
Graduate directed study, research, continuing study status

An X after a course number indicates that the course is given off campus.

Course descriptions usually offer a brief outline of the content of the course, any prerequisites or corequisites, the instructor, credit value, and semester the course is offered. Abbreviations frequently used are:

Prereq
Prerequisite
Coreq
Corequisite
Cr
Credits
Sem
Semester

Not offered means that the course is not offered during the current academic year but may be offered in the future.
Offered irregularly means that the course is offered only if there is sufficient demand.

Abbreviations used in degree programs

/
Joint Degree
ArtDp
Artist Diploma
BA
Bachelor of Arts
BFA
Bachelor of Fine Arts
BLS
Bachelor of Liberal Studies
BM
Bachelor of Music
BS
Bachelor of Science
BSBA
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration
CAGS
Certificate of Advanced Graduate Study
Dip
Graduate Diploma
DBA
Doctor of Business Administration
Deg Cand
Degree Candidate
DMA
Doctor of Musical Arts
DMD
Doctor of Dental Medicine
DMin
Doctor of Ministry
DPT
Doctor of Physical Therapy
DrPH
Doctor of Public Health
DSc
Doctor of Science
DScD
Doctor of Science in Dentistry
EdD
Doctor of Education
EdM
Master of Education
JD
Juris Doctor
LLM
Master of Laws
MA
Master of Arts
MAT
Master of Arts in Teaching
MBA
Master of Business Administration
MCJ
Master of Criminal Justice
MCP
Master of City Planning
MD
Doctor of Medicine
MDiv
Master of Divinity
MEng
Master of Engineering
MFA
Master of Fine Arts
MLA
Master of Liberal Arts
MLS
Master of Liberal Studies
MM
Master of Music
MMEDIC
Modular Medical Integrated Curriculum
MMT
Master of Mathematics for Teaching
MPH
Master of Public Health
MS
Master of Science
MSBA
Master of Science in Business Administration
MSD
Master of Science in Dentistry
MSIM
Master of Science in Investment Management
MSM
Master of Sacred Music
MSMF
Master of Science in Mathematical Finance
MSOT
Master of Science in Occupational Therapy
MSW
Master of Social Work
MTS
Master of Theological Studies
MUA
Master of Science in Urban Affairs
OpIns
Opera Institute
OTD
Doctor of Occupational Therapy
PerfDip
Performance Diploma
PhD
Doctor of Philosophy
ScD
Doctor of Science
STM
Doctor of Sacred Theology
tDPT
Transitional Doctor of Physical Therapy
ThD
Doctor of Theology

Abbreviations used in course numbers

CAS
College of Arts & Sciences
AA
African American Studies
AH
Art History
AL
Applied Linguistics
AM
American & New England Studies
AN
Anthropology
AR
Archaeology
AS
Astronomy
BB
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
BF
Bioinformatics
BI
Biology
CC
Core Curriculum
CG
Modern Greek
CH
Chemistry
CL
Classical Studies
CS
Computer Science
EC
Economics
EE
Environmental Studies (School of Field Studies only)
EI
Editorial Studies
EN
English
ES
Earth Sciences
FR
French Studies (International Programs only)
FY
First Year Experience
GE
Geography & Environment
HI
History
HU
Humanities
ID
Interdisciplinary Studies
IP
International Programs
IR
International Relations
IT
Italian Studies (International Programs only)
LA–LZ
Modern Languages
LA
Hausa
LC
Chinese
LD
Amharic, Igbo, Mandinka/Bambara, Setswana/Sesotho, isiZulu, Other African Languages and Linguistics
LE
Swahili
LF
French
LG
German
LH
Hebrew
LI
Italian
LJ
Japanese
LK
Korean
LL
Language Learning
LM
isiXosha
LN
Hindi-Urdu
LO
Yoruba
LP
Portuguese
LR
Russian
LS
Spanish
LT
Turkish
LU
Pulaar
LW
Wolof
LX
Linguistics
LY
Arabic
LZ
Persian
MA
Mathematics & Statistics
MR
Marine Science
MS
Medical Science
MU
Music
NE
Neuroscience
NG
Nigerien Studies (International Programs only)
NS
Natural Sciences
PH
Philosophy
PO
Political Science
PS
Psychology
PY
Physics
QU
Spanish Studies (Quito only)
RN
Religion
RO
Romance Studies
SO
Sociology
SP
Special Programs
SS
Social Sciences
WR
Writing
WS
Women’s, Gender, & Sexuality Studies
XL
Comparative Literature
CFA
College of Fine Arts
AR
Visual Arts
TH
Theatre
FA
CFA Courses
ML
Applied Lessons
MU
Music
PS
Child Growth & Development
CGS
College of General Studies
HU
Humanities
MA
Mathematics
NS
Natural Science
RH
Rhetoric
SS
Social Science
COM
College of Communication
CM
Mass Communication, Advertising & Public Relations
CO
Core Courses
FT
Film & Television
IP
International Programs
JO
Journalism
ENG
College of Engineering
BE
Biomedical Engineering
BF
Bioinformatics
EC
Electrical & Computer Engineering
EK
Engineering Core
ME
Mechanical Engineering
MS
Materials Science & Engineering
SE
Systems Engineering
GMS
Graduate Medical Sciences
AN
Anatomy and Neurobiology
BC
Healthcare Emergency Management
BI
Biochemistry
BN
Behavioral Neuroscience
BY
Biophysics
CI
Clinical Investigation
CM
Cell & Molecular Biology
FA
Forensic Anthropology
FS
Biomedical Forensic Sciences
GC
Genetic Counseling
GE
Genetics and Genomics
IM
Bioimaging
MA
Medical Anthropology & Cross Cultural Practice
MH
Mental Health Counseling and Behavioral Medicine
MI
Microbiology
MM
Molecular Medicine
MS
Medical Sciences
NU
Nutrition & Metabolism
OB
Oral Biology
OH
Oral Health Sciences
PA
Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
PH
Physiology
PM
Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics
GRS
Graduate School of Arts & Sciences (see CAS for departmental codes)
GSM
Graduate School of Management (see SMG for departmental codes)
LAW
School of Law
BK
Banking
JD
Juris Doctor
XB
Business Law
TX
Tax Law
MED
School of Medicine
MET
Metropolitan College
AD
Administrative Sciences
AH
Art History
AM
American & New England Studies
AN
Anthropology
AR
Arts Administration
AT
Actuarial Science
BI
Biology
BT
Biomedical Laboratory & Clinical Sciences
CH
Chemistry
CJ
Criminal Justice
CM
Communications/Advertising
CS
Computer Science
EC
Economics
EN
English
ES
Earth Sciences
HC
Health Communication
HI
History
HU
Humanities
IS
Interdisciplinary Studies
LD
Leadership
LF
French
LS
Spanish
MA
Mathematics, Statistics
MG
Management
ML
Gastronomy
PH
Philosophy
PO
Political Science
PS
Psychology
PY
Physics
RN
Religion
SO
Sociology
UA
Urban Affairs
OTP
Officer Training Program (ROTC)
AS
Aerospace Studies (Air Force)
MS
Military Science (Army)
NS
Naval Science (Navy)
PDP
Physical Education & Recreation
AQ
Aquatics
CS
Court Sports
DA
Dance
ER
Emergency Medical Response
FT
Fitness
GS
General Sports
HE
Health Education
MA
Martial Arts
MB
Mind and Body
NT
Nutrition
OE
Outdoor Exercise
PE
Physical Education
SK
Skating
WF
Rowing/Sailing
SAR
College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences: Sargent College
AT
Athletic Training
HP
Health Professions
HS
Health Sciences
OT
Occupational Therapy
PT
Physical Therapy
RS
Rehabilitation Sciences
SH
Speech, Language & Hearing Sciences
SDM
Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine
EN
Endodontics
GD
General Dentistry
MB
Molecular Biology
MD
Dental Medicine
OB
Oral Biology
OD
Oral Diagnosis
OP
Operative Dentistry
OR
Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics
OS
Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
PA
Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology
PD
Pediatric Dentistry
PE
Periodontology
PH
Dental Public Health
PR
Prosthodontics
RS
Restorative Dentistry
SED
School of Education
AP
Policy, Planning & Administration
BI
English as a Second Language
CE
Counseling & Counseling Psychology
CH
Childhood Education
CL
Latin & Classical Studies Education
CT
Curriculum & Teaching
DE
Deaf Studies
DS
Human Development & Education
EC
Early Childhood Education
ED
Required across all programs (undergraduate or graduate level as noted)
EM
Educational Media & Technology
EN
English & Language Arts Education
HE
Health Education
HR
Human Resource Education
IE
International Education
LC
Independent Study
LR
Reading (formerly RE Reading Education)
LS
Language & Literacy Studies
LW
Writing
ME
Mathematics Education
PE
Physical Education & Coaching
RS
Research
SC
Science Education
SE
Special Education
SO
Social Studies Education
TL
Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) & Modern Foreign Language Education
SHA
School of Hospitality Administration
HF
Hospitality
SMG
School of Management
AC
Accounting
DS
Doctoral Dissertation Section
ES
Executive Skills
FE
Finance
FI
MSIM
HM
Health Sector
IM
International Management
IS
Management Information Systems
LA
Law
MF
Math Finance
MK
Marketing
PL
Markets, Public Policy & Law
OB
Organizational Behavior
OM
Operations & Technology Management
QM
Quantitative Modeling
SI
Strategy & Innovation
SM
Management Core
SPH
School of Public Health
BS
Biostatistics
EH
Environmental Health
EP
Epidemiology
HC
International Health Practice (Philippines)
IH
International Health
LW
Health Law, Bioethics & Human Rights
MC
Maternal & Child Health
PH
General Public Health
PM
Health Policy & Management
SB
Social & Behavioral Sciences
SSW
School of Social Work
CP
Clinical Practice
FE
Field Education
HB
Human Behavior
MP
Macro Practice
SP
Social Work Practice
SR
Social Work Research
WP
Social Welfare Policy
STH
School of Theology
TA
Sacred Music and the Arts
TC
Preaching, Worship, Administration, Evangelism, and Spirituality
TE
Religious Education
TF
Interdisciplinary Studies
TH
History of Christianity
TJ
Practical Theology
TM
Mission Studies
TN
New Testament
TO
Hebrew Scripture
TR
Sociology of Religion
TS
Ethics
TT
Philosophy and Systematic Theology
TY
Pastoral Psychology and Psychology of Religion
TZ
Research Methods and Professional Development
UHC
University Honors College
AS
Astronomy
BI
Biology
EC
Economics
EK
Engineering
EN
English
FT
Film & Television
HC
Honors College
HI
History
HS
Health Sciences
MA
Math
MU
Music
PH
Public Health
PY
Physics
RH
Rhetoric
RN
Religion
RO
Romance Studies
SM
Management
ST
UHC Studio
UC
UHC Seminar
VA
Visual Arts
XL
Comparative Literature
UNI
University Professors Program
XAS
Marine Program/Semester at Sea
NS
Sea Semester, Marine Science
XRG
Cross-registration outside the University
AN
with Andover Newton Theological School through the Boston Theological Institute
BC
with Boston College School of Theology and Ministry & Theology Department through the Boston Theological Institute
BD
with Brandeis University
ED
Episcopal Divinity School through the Boston Theological Institute
GC
Gordon Conwell Theological School through the Boston Theological Institute
HB
Hebrew College Rabinical School through the Boston Theological Institute
HC
with Holy Cross through the Boston Theological Institute
HD
Harvard Divinity School through the Boston Theological Institute
HU
with Hebrew College
SJ
Saint John’s Seminary through the Boston Theological Institute
TF
with Tufts University